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42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
57 FR 61992, Dec. 29, 1992, unless otherwise noted.
69 FR 33506, June 15, 2004, unless otherwise noted.
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Table 8 to this subpart shows which parts of the General Provisions in §§ 63.1 through 63.15 apply to you. If you own or operate a new or reconstructed stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions (except new or reconstructed 4SLB engines greater than or equal to 250 and less than or equal to 500 brake HP), a new or reconstructed stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions, or any of the following RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you do not need to comply with any of the requirements of the General Provisions specified in Table 8: An existing 2SLB stationary RICE, an existing 4SLB stationary RICE, an existing stationary RICE that combusts landfill or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis, an existing emergency stationary RICE, or an existing limited use stationary RICE. If you own or operate any of the following RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you do not need to comply with the requirements in the General Provisions specified in Table 8 except for the initial notification requirements: A new stationary RICE that combusts landfill gas or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis, a new emergency stationary RICE, or a new limited use stationary RICE.
[75 FR 9678, Mar. 3, 2010]
(a) This subpart is implemented and enforced by the U.S. EPA, or a delegated authority such as your State, local, or tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has delegated authority to your State, local, or tribal agency, then that agency (as well as the U.S. EPA) has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. You should contact your U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out whether this subpart is delegated to your State, local, or tribal agency.
(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this subpart to a State, local, or tribal agency under 40 CFR part 63, subpart E, the authorities contained in paragraph (c) of this section are retained by the Administrator of the U.S. EPA and are not transferred to the State, local, or tribal agency.
(c) The authorities that will not be delegated to State, local, or tribal agencies are:
(1) Approval of alternatives to the non-opacity emission limitations and operating limitations in § 63.6600 under § 63.6(g).
(2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods under § 63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting under § 63.10(f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(5) Approval of a performance test which was conducted prior to the effective date of the rule, as specified in § 63.6610(b).
(6) Approval of an alternative to any electronic reporting to the EPA required by this subpart.
[69 FR 33506, June 15, 2004, as amended at 89 FR 70518, Aug. 30, 2024]
Terms used in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act (CAA); in 40 CFR 63.2, the General Provisions of this part; and in this section as follows:
Alaska Railbelt Grid means the service areas of the six regulated public utilities that extend from Fairbanks to Anchorage and the Kenai Peninsula. These utilities are Golden Valley Electric Association; Chugach Electric Association; Matanuska Electric Association; Homer Electric Association; Anchorage Municipal Light & Power; and the City of Seward Electric System.
Area source means any stationary source of HAP that is not a major source as defined in part 63.
Associated equipment as used in this subpart and as referred to in section 112(n)(4) of the CAA, means equipment associated with an oil or natural gas exploration or production well, and includes all equipment from the well bore to the point of custody transfer, except glycol dehydration units, storage vessels with potential for flash emissions, combustion turbines, and stationary RICE.
Backup power for renewable energy means an engine that provides backup power to a facility that generates electricity from renewable energy resources, as that term is defined in Alaska Statute 42.45.045(l)(5) (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14).
Black start engine means an engine whose only purpose is to start up a combustion turbine.
CAA means the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq., as amended by Public Law 101-549, 104 Stat. 2399).
Commercial emergency stationary RICE means an emergency stationary RICE used in commercial establishments such as office buildings, hotels, stores, telecommunications facilities, restaurants, financial institutions such as banks, doctor's offices, and sports and performing arts facilities.
Compression ignition means relating to a type of stationary internal combustion engine that is not a spark ignition engine.
Custody transfer means the transfer of hydrocarbon liquids or natural gas: After processing and/or treatment in the producing operations, or from storage vessels or automatic transfer facilities or other such equipment, including product loading racks, to pipelines or any other forms of transportation. For the purposes of this subpart, the point at which such liquids or natural gas enters a natural gas processing plant is a point of custody transfer.
Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a source:
(1) Fails to meet any requirement or obligation established by this subpart, including but not limited to any emission limitation or operating limitation;
(2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit; or
(3) Fails to meet any emission limitation or operating limitation in this subpart during malfunction, regardless or whether or not such failure is permitted by this subpart.
(4) Fails to satisfy the general duty to minimize emissions established by § 63.6(e)(1)(i).
Diesel engine means any stationary RICE in which a high boiling point liquid fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites when the air charge has been compressed to a temperature sufficiently high for auto-ignition. This process is also known as compression ignition.
Diesel fuel means any liquid obtained from the distillation of petroleum with a boiling point of approximately 150 to 360 degrees Celsius. One commonly used form is fuel oil number 2. Diesel fuel also includes any non-distillate fuel with comparable physical and chemical properties (e.g. biodiesel) that is suitable for use in compression ignition engines.
Digester gas means any gaseous by-product of wastewater treatment typically formed through the anaerobic decomposition of organic waste materials and composed principally of methane and CO2.
Dual-fuel engine means any stationary RICE in which a liquid fuel (typically diesel fuel) is used for compression ignition and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel.
Emergency stationary RICE means any stationary reciprocating internal combustion engine that meets all of the criteria in paragraphs (1) through (3) of this definition. All emergency stationary RICE must comply with the requirements specified in § 63.6640(f) in order to be considered emergency stationary RICE. If the engine does not comply with the requirements specified in § 63.6640(f), then it is not considered to be an emergency stationary RICE under this subpart.
(1) The stationary RICE is operated to provide electrical power or mechanical work during an emergency situation. Examples include stationary RICE used to produce power for critical networks or equipment (including power supplied to portions of a facility) when electric power from the local utility (or the normal power source, if the facility runs on its own power production) is interrupted, or stationary RICE used to pump water in the case of fire or flood, etc.
(2) The stationary RICE is operated under limited circumstances for situations not included in paragraph (1) of this definition, as specified in § 63.6640(f).
(3) The stationary RICE operates as part of a financial arrangement with another entity in situations not included in paragraph (1) of this definition only as allowed in § 63.6640(f)(4)(i) or (ii).
Engine startup means the time from initial start until applied load and engine and associated equipment reaches steady state or normal operation. For stationary engine with catalytic controls, engine startup means the time from initial start until applied load and engine and associated equipment, including the catalyst, reaches steady state or normal operation.
Four-stroke engine means any type of engine which completes the power cycle in two crankshaft revolutions, with intake and compression strokes in the first revolution and power and exhaust strokes in the second revolution.
Gaseous fuel means a material used for combustion which is in the gaseous state at standard atmospheric temperature and pressure conditions.
Gasoline means any fuel sold in any State for use in motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines, or nonroad or stationary engines, and commonly or commercially known or sold as gasoline.
Glycol dehydration unit means a device in which a liquid glycol (including, but not limited to, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, or triethylene glycol) absorbent directly contacts a natural gas stream and absorbs water in a contact tower or absorption column (absorber). The glycol contacts and absorbs water vapor and other gas stream constituents from the natural gas and becomes “rich” glycol. This glycol is then regenerated in the glycol dehydration unit reboiler. The “lean” glycol is then recycled.
Hazardous air pollutants (HAP) means any air pollutants listed in or pursuant to section 112(b) of the CAA.
Institutional emergency stationary RICE means an emergency stationary RICE used in institutional establishments such as medical centers, nursing homes, research centers, institutions of higher education, correctional facilities, elementary and secondary schools, libraries, religious establishments, police stations, and fire stations.
ISO standard day conditions means 288 degrees Kelvin (15 degrees Celsius), 60 percent relative humidity and 101.3 kilopascals pressure.
Landfill gas means a gaseous by-product of the land application of municipal refuse typically formed through the anaerobic decomposition of waste materials and composed principally of methane and CO2.
Lean burn engine means any two-stroke or four-stroke spark ignited engine that does not meet the definition of a rich burn engine.
Limited use stationary RICE means any stationary RICE that operates less than 100 hours per year.
Liquefied petroleum gas means any liquefied hydrocarbon gas obtained as a by-product in petroleum refining of natural gas production.
Liquid fuel means any fuel in liquid form at standard temperature and pressure, including but not limited to diesel, residual/crude oil, kerosene/naphtha (jet fuel), and gasoline.
Major Source, as used in this subpart, shall have the same meaning as in § 63.2, except that:
(1) Emissions from any oil or gas exploration or production well (with its associated equipment (as defined in this section)) and emissions from any pipeline compressor station or pump station shall not be aggregated with emissions from other similar units, to determine whether such emission points or stations are major sources, even when emission points are in a contiguous area or under common control;
(2) For oil and gas production facilities, emissions from processes, operations, or equipment that are not part of the same oil and gas production facility, as defined in § 63.1271 of subpart HHH of this part, shall not be aggregated;
(3) For production field facilities, only HAP emissions from glycol dehydration units, storage vessel with the potential for flash emissions, combustion turbines and reciprocating internal combustion engines shall be aggregated for a major source determination; and
(4) Emissions from processes, operations, and equipment that are not part of the same natural gas transmission and storage facility, as defined in § 63.1271 of subpart HHH of this part, shall not be aggregated.
Malfunction means any sudden, infrequent, and not reasonably preventable failure of air pollution control equipment, process equipment, or a process to operate in a normal or usual manner which causes, or has the potential to cause, the emission limitations in an applicable standard to be exceeded. Failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions.
Natural gas means a naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface, of which the principal constituent is methane. Natural gas may be field or pipeline quality.
Non-selective catalytic reduction (NSCR) means an add-on catalytic nitrogen oxides (NOX) control device for rich burn engines that, in a two-step reaction, promotes the conversion of excess oxygen, NOX, CO, and volatile organic compounds (VOC) into CO2, nitrogen, and water.
Oil and gas production facility as used in this subpart means any grouping of equipment where hydrocarbon liquids are processed, upgraded (i.e., remove impurities or other constituents to meet contract specifications), or stored prior to the point of custody transfer; or where natural gas is processed, upgraded, or stored prior to entering the natural gas transmission and storage source category. For purposes of a major source determination, facility (including a building, structure, or installation) means oil and natural gas production and processing equipment that is located within the boundaries of an individual surface site as defined in this section. Equipment that is part of a facility will typically be located within close proximity to other equipment located at the same facility. Pieces of production equipment or groupings of equipment located on different oil and gas leases, mineral fee tracts, lease tracts, subsurface or surface unit areas, surface fee tracts, surface lease tracts, or separate surface sites, whether or not connected by a road, waterway, power line or pipeline, shall not be considered part of the same facility. Examples of facilities in the oil and natural gas production source category include, but are not limited to, well sites, satellite tank batteries, central tank batteries, a compressor station that transports natural gas to a natural gas processing plant, and natural gas processing plants.
Oxidation catalyst means an add-on catalytic control device that controls CO and VOC by oxidation.
Peaking unit or engine means any standby engine intended for use during periods of high demand that are not emergencies.
Percent load means the fractional power of an engine compared to its maximum manufacturer's design capacity at engine site conditions. Percent load may range between 0 percent to above 100 percent.
Potential to emit means the maximum capacity of a stationary source to emit a pollutant under its physical and operational design. Any physical or operational limitation on the capacity of the stationary source to emit a pollutant, including air pollution control equipment and restrictions on hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored, or processed, shall be treated as part of its design if the limitation or the effect it would have on emissions is federally enforceable. For oil and natural gas production facilities subject to subpart HH of this part, the potential to emit provisions in § 63.760(a) may be used. For natural gas transmission and storage facilities subject to subpart HHH of this part, the maximum annual facility gas throughput for storage facilities may be determined according to § 63.1270(a)(1) and the maximum annual throughput for transmission facilities may be determined according to § 63.1270(a)(2).
Production field facility means those oil and gas production facilities located prior to the point of custody transfer.
Production well means any hole drilled in the earth from which crude oil, condensate, or field natural gas is extracted.
Propane means a colorless gas derived from petroleum and natural gas, with the molecular structure C3H8.
Remote stationary RICE means stationary RICE meeting any of the following criteria:
(1) Stationary RICE located in an offshore area that is beyond the line of ordinary low water along that portion of the coast of the United States that is in direct contact with the open seas and beyond the line marking the seaward limit of inland waters.
(2) Stationary RICE located on a pipeline segment that meets both of the criteria in paragraphs (2)(i) and (ii) of this definition.
(i) A pipeline segment with 10 or fewer buildings intended for human occupancy and no buildings with four or more stories within 220 yards (200 meters) on either side of the centerline of any continuous 1-mile (1.6 kilometers) length of pipeline. Each separate dwelling unit in a multiple dwelling unit building is counted as a separate building intended for human occupancy.
(ii) The pipeline segment does not lie within 100 yards (91 meters) of either a building or a small, well-defined outside area (such as a playground, recreation area, outdoor theater, or other place of public assembly) that is occupied by 20 or more persons on at least 5 days a week for 10 weeks in any 12-month period. The days and weeks need not be consecutive. The building or area is considered occupied for a full day if it is occupied for any portion of the day.
(iii) For purposes of this paragraph (2), the term pipeline segment means all parts of those physical facilities through which gas moves in transportation, including but not limited to pipe, valves, and other appurtenance attached to pipe, compressor units, metering stations, regulator stations, delivery stations, holders, and fabricated assemblies. Stationary RICE located within 50 yards (46 meters) of the pipeline segment providing power for equipment on a pipeline segment are part of the pipeline segment. Transportation of gas means the gathering, transmission, or distribution of gas by pipeline, or the storage of gas. A building is intended for human occupancy if its primary use is for a purpose involving the presence of humans.
(3) Stationary RICE that are not located on gas pipelines and that have 5 or fewer buildings intended for human occupancy and no buildings with four or more stories within a 0.25 mile radius around the engine. A building is intended for human occupancy if its primary use is for a purpose involving the presence of humans.
Residential emergency stationary RICE means an emergency stationary RICE used in residential establishments such as homes or apartment buildings.
Responsible official means responsible official as defined in 40 CFR 70.2.
Rich burn engine means any four-stroke spark ignited engine where the manufacturer's recommended operating air/fuel ratio divided by the stoichiometric air/fuel ratio at full load conditions is less than or equal to 1.1. Engines originally manufactured as rich burn engines, but modified prior to December 19, 2002 with passive emission control technology for NOX (such as pre-combustion chambers) will be considered lean burn engines. Also, existing engines where there are no manufacturer's recommendations regarding air/fuel ratio will be considered a rich burn engine if the excess oxygen content of the exhaust at full load conditions is less than or equal to 2 percent.
Site-rated HP means the maximum manufacturer's design capacity at engine site conditions.
Spark ignition means relating to either: A gasoline-fueled engine; or any other type of engine with a spark plug (or other sparking device) and with operating characteristics significantly similar to the theoretical Otto combustion cycle. Spark ignition engines usually use a throttle to regulate intake air flow to control power during normal operation. Dual-fuel engines in which a liquid fuel (typically diesel fuel) is used for CI and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel at an annual average ratio of less than 2 parts diesel fuel to 100 parts total fuel on an energy equivalent basis are spark ignition engines.
Stationary reciprocating internal combustion engine (RICE) means any reciprocating internal combustion engine which uses reciprocating motion to convert heat energy into mechanical work and which is not mobile. Stationary RICE differ from mobile RICE in that a stationary RICE is not a non-road engine as defined at 40 CFR 1068.30, and is not used to propel a motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition.
Stationary RICE test cell/stand means an engine test cell/stand, as defined in subpart PPPPP of this part, that tests stationary RICE.
Stoichiometric means the theoretical air-to-fuel ratio required for complete combustion.
Storage vessel with the potential for flash emissions means any storage vessel that contains a hydrocarbon liquid with a stock tank gas-to-oil ratio equal to or greater than 0.31 cubic meters per liter and an American Petroleum Institute gravity equal to or greater than 40 degrees and an actual annual average hydrocarbon liquid throughput equal to or greater than 79,500 liters per day. Flash emissions occur when dissolved hydrocarbons in the fluid evolve from solution when the fluid pressure is reduced.
Subpart means 40 CFR part 63, subpart ZZZZ.
Surface site means any combination of one or more graded pad sites, gravel pad sites, foundations, platforms, or the immediate physical location upon which equipment is physically affixed.
Two-stroke engine means a type of engine which completes the power cycle in single crankshaft revolution by combining the intake and compression operations into one stroke and the power and exhaust operations into a second stroke. This system requires auxiliary scavenging and inherently runs lean of stoichiometric.
[69 FR 33506, June 15, 2004, as amended at 71 FR 20467, Apr. 20, 2006; 73 FR 3607, Jan. 18, 2008; 75 FR 9679, Mar. 3, 2010; 75 FR 51592, Aug. 20, 2010; 76 FR 12867, Mar. 9, 2011; 78 FR 6706, Jan. 30, 2013; 87 FR 48608, Aug. 10, 2022]
As stated in §§ 63.6600 and 63.6640, you must comply with the following emission limitations at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent for existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions:
| For each . . . | You must meet the following emission limitation, except during periods of startup . . . | During periods of startup you must . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. 4SRB stationary RICE | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions by 76 percent or more. If you commenced construction or reconstruction between December 19, 2002 and June 15, 2004, you may reduce formaldehyde emissions by 75 percent or more until June 15, 2007 or | Minimize the engine's time spent at idle and minimize the engine's startup time at startup to a period needed for appropriate and safe loading of the engine, not to exceed 30 minutes, after which time the non-startup emission limitations apply.1 |
| b. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 350 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O2 | ||
| 1 Sources can petition the Administrator pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 63.6(g) for alternative work practices. | ||
[75 FR 9679, Mar. 3, 2010, as amended at 75 FR 51592, Aug. 20, 2010]
As stated in §§ 63.6600, 63.6603, 63.6630 and 63.6640, you must comply with the following operating limitations for existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions:
| For each . . . | You must meet the following operating limitation, except during periods of startup . . . |
|---|---|
| 1. existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to reduce formaldehyde emissions by 76 percent or more (or by 75 percent or more, if applicable) and using NSCR; or existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 350 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O2 and using NSCR; |
a. maintain your catalyst so that the pressure drop across the catalyst does not change by more than 2 inches of water at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent from the pressure drop across the catalyst measured during the initial performance test; and b. maintain the temperature of your stationary RICE exhaust so that the catalyst inlet temperature is greater than or equal to 750 °F and less than or equal to 1250 °F.1 |
| 2. existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to reduce formaldehyde emissions by 76 percent or more (or by 75 percent or more, if applicable) and not using NSCR; or | Comply with any operating limitations approved by the Administrator. |
| existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 350 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O2 and not using NSCR. | |
| 1 Sources can petition the Administrator pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 63.8(f) for a different temperature range. | |
[78 FR 6706, Jan. 30, 2013]
As stated in §§ 63.6600 and 63.6640, you must comply with the following emission limitations for new and reconstructed lean burn and new and reconstructed compression ignition stationary RICE at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent:
| For each . . . | You must meet the following emission limitation, except during periods of startup . . . | During periods of startup you must . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. 2SLB stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions by 58 percent or more; or b. Limit concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 12 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O2. If you commenced construction or reconstruction between December 19, 2002 and June 15, 2004, you may limit concentration of formaldehyde to 17 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O2 until June 15, 2007 |
Minimize the engine's time spent at idle and minimize the engine's startup time at startup to a period needed for appropriate and safe loading of the engine, not to exceed 30 minutes, after which time the non-startup emission limitations apply.1 |
| 2. 4SLB stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions by 93 percent or more; or | |
| b. Limit concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 14 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O2 | ||
| 3. CI stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions by 70 percent or more; or | |
| b. Limit concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 580 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O2 | ||
| 1 Sources can petition the Administrator pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 63.6(g) for alternative work practices. | ||
[75 FR 9680, Mar. 3, 2010]
As stated in §§ 63.6600, 63.6601, 63.6603, 63.6630, and 63.6640, you must comply with the following operating limitations for new and reconstructed 2SLB and CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions; new and reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions; and existing CI stationary RICE >500 HP:
| For each . . . | You must meet the following operating limitation, except during periods of startup . . . |
|---|---|
| 1. New and reconstructed 2SLB and CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions and new and reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to reduce CO emissions and using an oxidation catalyst; and New and reconstructed 2SLB and CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions and new and reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and using an oxidation catalyst. |
a. maintain your catalyst so that the pressure drop across the catalyst does not change by more than 2 inches of water at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent from the pressure drop across the catalyst that was measured during the initial performance test; and b. maintain the temperature of your stationary RICE exhaust so that the catalyst inlet temperature is greater than or equal to 450 °F and less than or equal to 1350 °F.1 |
| 2. Existing CI stationary RICE >500 HP complying with the requirement to limit or reduce the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust and using an oxidation catalyst | a. maintain your catalyst so that the pressure drop across the catalyst does not change by more than 2 inches of water from the pressure drop across the catalyst that was measured during the initial performance test; and |
| b. maintain the temperature of your stationary RICE exhaust so that the catalyst inlet temperature is greater than or equal to 450 °F and less than or equal to 1350 °F.1 | |
| 3. New and reconstructed 2SLB and CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions and new and reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to reduce CO emissions and not using an oxidation catalyst; and | Comply with any operating limitations approved by the Administrator. |
| New and reconstructed 2SLB and CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions and new and reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and not using an oxidation catalyst; and | |
| existing CI stationary RICE >500 HP complying with the requirement to limit or reduce the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust and not using an oxidation catalyst. | |
| 1 Sources can petition the Administrator pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 63.8(f) for a different temperature range. | |
[78 FR 6707, Jan. 30, 2013]
As stated in §§ 63.6600, 63.6602, and 63.6640, you must comply with the following requirements for existing compression ignition stationary RICE located at a major source of HAP emissions and existing spark ignition stationary RICE ≤500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions
| For each . . . | You must meet the following requirement, except during periods of startup . . . | During periods of startup you must . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Emergency stationary CI RICE and black start stationary CI RICE 1 | a. Change oil and filter every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first 2.
b. Inspect air cleaner every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; |
Minimize the engine's time spent at idle and minimize the engine's startup time at startup to a period needed for appropriate and safe loading of the engine, not to exceed 30 minutes, after which time the non-startup emission limitations apply.3 |
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary 3 | ||
| 2. Non-Emergency, non-black start stationary CI RICE <100 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first 2. | |
| b. Inspect air cleaner every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary 3 | ||
| 3. Non-Emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE 100≤HP≤300 HP | Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 230 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O2 | |
| 4. Non-Emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE 300<HP≤500 | a. Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 49 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O2; or | |
| b. Reduce CO emissions by 70 percent or more | ||
| 5. Non-Emergency, non-black start stationary CI RICE >500 HP | a. Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 23 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O2; or | |
| b. Reduce CO emissions by 70 percent or more | ||
| 6. Emergency stationary SI RICE and black start stationary SI RICE.1 | a. Change oil and filter every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 2 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary 3 | ||
| 7. Non-Emergency, non-black start stationary SI RICE <100 HP that are not 2SLB stationary RICE | a. Change oil and filter every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 2 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary 3 | ||
| 8. Non-Emergency, non-black start 2SLB stationary SI RICE <100 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 2 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary 3 | ||
| 9. Non-emergency, non-black start 2SLB stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 | Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 225 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O2 | |
| 10. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 | Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 47 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O2 | |
| 11. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 | Limit concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 10.3 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O2 | |
| 12. Non-emergency, non-black start stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 which combusts landfill or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis | Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 177 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O2 | |
| 1 If an emergency engine is operating during an emergency and it is not possible to shut down the engine in order to perform the work practice requirements on the schedule required in table 2c of this subpart, or if performing the work practice on the required schedule would otherwise pose an unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law, the work practice can be delayed until the emergency is over or the unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law has abated. The work practice should be performed as soon as practicable after the emergency has ended or the unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law has abated. Sources must report any failure to perform the work practice on the schedule required and the Federal, state or local law under which the risk was deemed unacceptable. | ||
| 2 Sources have the option to utilize an oil analysis program as described in § 63.6625(i) or (j) in order to extend the specified oil change requirement in table 2c of this subpart. | ||
| 3 Sources can petition the Administrator pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 63.6(g) for alternative work practices. | ||
[89 FR 70518, Aug. 30, 2024]
As stated in §§ 63.6603 and 63.6640, you must comply with the following requirements for existing stationary RICE located at area sources of HAP emissions:
| For each . . . | You must meet the following requirement, except during periods of startup . . . | During periods of startup you must . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Non-Emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE ≤300 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1
b. Inspect air cleaner every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; |
Minimize the engine's time spent at idle and minimize the engine's startup time at startup to a period needed for appropriate and safe loading of the engine, not to exceed 30 minutes, after which time the non-startup emission limitations apply. |
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 2. Non-Emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE 300<HP≤500 | a. Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 49 ppmvd at 15 percent O2; or | |
| b. Reduce CO emissions by 70 percent or more | ||
| 3. Non-Emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE >500 HP | a. Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 23 ppmvd at 15 percent O2; or | |
| b. Reduce CO emissions by 70 percent or more | ||
| 4. Emergency stationary CI RICE and black start stationary CI RICE.2 | a. Change oil and filter every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect air cleaner every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 5. Emergency stationary SI RICE; black start stationary SI RICE; non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB stationary RICE >500 HP that operate 24 hours or less per calendar year; non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP that operate 24 hours or less per calendar year.2 | a. Change oil and filter every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1
b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and |
|
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 6. Non-emergency, non-black start 2SLB stationary RICE | a. Change oil and filter every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 7. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB stationary RICE ≤500 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 8. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB remote stationary RICE >500 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 9. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB stationary RICE >500 HP that are not remote stationary RICE and that operate more than 24 hours per calendar year | Install an oxidation catalyst to reduce HAP emissions from the stationary RICE | |
| 10. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB stationary RICE ≤500 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 11. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB remote stationary RICE >500 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 12. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP that are not remote stationary RICE and that operate more than 24 hours per calendar year | Install NSCR to reduce HAP emissions from the stationary RICE | |
| 13. Non-emergency, non-black start stationary RICE which combusts landfill or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis | a. Change oil and filter every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1
b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and |
|
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 1 Sources have the option to utilize an oil analysis program as described in § 63.6625(i) or (j) in order to extend the specified oil change requirement in table 2d of this subpart. | ||
| 2 If an emergency engine is operating during an emergency and it is not possible to shut down the engine in order to perform the management practice requirements on the schedule required in table 2d of this subpart, or if performing the management practice on the required schedule would otherwise pose an unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law, the management practice can be delayed until the emergency is over or the unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law has abated. The management practice should be performed as soon as practicable after the emergency has ended or the unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law has abated. Sources must report any failure to perform the management practice on the schedule required and the Federal, state or local law under which the risk was deemed unacceptable. | ||
[89 FR 70520, Aug. 30, 2024]
As stated in §§ 63.6615 and 63.6620, you must comply with the following subsequent performance test requirements:
| For each . . . | Complying with the requirement to . . . | You must . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. New or reconstructed 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at major sources; new or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at major sources; and new or reconstructed CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at major sources | Reduce CO emissions and not using a CEMS | Conduct subsequent performance tests semiannually.1 |
| 2. 4SRB stationary RICE ≥5,000 HP located at major sources | Reduce formaldehyde emissions | Conduct subsequent performance tests semiannually.1 |
| 3. Stationary RICE >500 HP located at major sources and new or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at major sources | Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust | Conduct subsequent performance tests semiannually.1 |
| 4. Existing non-emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE >500 HP that are not limited use stationary RICE | Limit or reduce CO emissions and not using a CEMS | Conduct subsequent performance tests every 8,760 hours or 3 years, whichever comes first. |
| 5. Existing non-emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE >500 HP that are limited use stationary RICE | Limit or reduce CO emissions and not using a CEMS | Conduct subsequent performance tests every 8,760 hours or 5 years, whichever comes first. |
| 1 After you have demonstrated compliance for two consecutive tests, you may reduce the frequency of subsequent performance tests to annually. If the results of any subsequent annual performance test indicate the stationary RICE is not in compliance with the CO or formaldehyde emission limitation, or you deviate from any of your operating limitations, you must resume semiannual performance tests. | ||
[78 FR 6711, Jan. 30, 2013]
As stated in §§ 63.6610, 63.6611, 63.6620, and 63.6640, you must comply with the following requirements for performance tests for stationary RICE:
| For each . . . | Complying with the requirement to . . . | You must . . . | Using . . . | According to the following requirements . . . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions | i. Select the sampling port location and the number/location of traverse points at the inlet and outlet of the control device; and | (a) For CO, O2, and moisture measurement, ducts ≤6 inches in diameter may be sampled at a single point located at the duct centroid and ducts >6 and ≤12 inches in diameter may be sampled at 3 traverse points located at 16.7, 50.0, and 83.3% of the measurement line ('3-point long line'). If the duct is >12 inches in diameter and the sampling port location meets the two and half-diameter criterion of section 11.1.1 of method 1 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-1, the duct may be sampled at `3-point long line'; otherwise, conduct the stratification testing and select sampling points according to section 8.1.2 of method 7E of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4. | |
| ii. Measure the O2 at the inlet and outlet of the control device; and | (1) Method 3 or 3A or 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, or ASTM D6522-00 (Reapproved 2005) 1 3 (heated probe not necessary) | (b) Measurements to determine O2 must be made at the same time as the measurements for CO concentration. | ||
| iii. Measure the CO at the inlet and the outlet of the control device; and | (2) ASTM D6522-00 (Reapproved 2005) 1 2 3 (heated probe not necessary) or method 10 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 | (c) The CO concentration must be at 15 percent O2, dry basis. | ||
| iv. Measure moisture content at the inlet and outlet of the control device as needed to determine CO and O2 concentrations on a dry basis | (3) Method 4 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3, or method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, or ASTM D6348-03 1 3 | (d) Measurements to determine moisture content must be made at the same time and location as the measurements for CO concentration. | ||
| 2. 4SRB stationary RICE | a. Reduce formaldehyde or THC emissions | i. Select the sampling port location and the number/location of traverse points at the inlet and outlet of the control device; and | (a) For formaldehyde, THC, O2, and moisture measurement, ducts ≤6 inches in diameter may be sampled at a single point located at the duct centroid and ducts >6 and ≤12 inches in diameter may be sampled at 3 traverse points located at 16.7, 50.0, and 83.3% of the measurement line (`3-point long line'). If the duct is >12 inches in diameter and the sampling port location meets the two and half-diameter criterion of section 11.1.1 of method 1 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, the duct may be sampled at `3-point long line'; otherwise, conduct the stratification testing and select sampling points according to section 8.1.2 of method 7E of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A. | |
| ii. Measure O2 at the inlet and outlet of the control device; and | (1) Method 3 or 3A or 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, or ASTM D6522-00 (Reapproved 2005) 1 3 (heated probe not necessary) | (b) Measurements to determine O2 concentration must be made at the same time as the measurements for formaldehyde or THC concentration. | ||
| iii. Measure moisture content at the inlet and outlet of the control device as needed to determine formaldehyde or THC and O2 concentrations on a dry basis; and | (2) Method 4 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3, or method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, or ASTM D6348-03 1 3 | (c) Measurements to determine moisture content must be made at the same time and location as the measurements for formaldehyde or THC concentration. | ||
| iv. If demonstrating compliance with the formaldehyde percent reduction requirement, measure formaldehyde at the inlet and the outlet of the control device | (3) Method 320 or 323 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A; or ASTM D6348-03,1 3 provided in ASTM D6348-03 Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent R must be greater than or equal to 70 and less than or equal to 130 | (d) Formaldehyde concentration must be at 15 percent O2, dry basis. Results of this test consist of the average of the three 1-hour or longer runs. | ||
| v. If demonstrating compliance with the THC percent reduction requirement, measure THC at the inlet and the outlet of the control device | (4) (1) Method 25A, reported as propane, of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 | (e) THC concentration must be at 15 percent O2, dry basis. Results of this test consist of the average of the three 1-hour or longer runs. | ||
| 3. Stationary RICE | a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde or CO in the stationary RICE exhaust | i. Select the sampling port location and the number/location of traverse points at the exhaust of the stationary RICE; and | (a) For formaldehyde, CO, O2, and moisture measurement, ducts ≤6 inches in diameter may be sampled at a single point located at the duct centroid and ducts >6 and ≤12 inches in diameter may be sampled at 3 traverse points located at 16.7, 50.0, and 83.3% of the measurement line (`3-point long line'). If the duct is >12 inches in diameter and the sampling port location meets the two and half-diameter criterion of section 11.1.1 of method 1 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, the duct may be sampled at `3-point long line'; otherwise, conduct the stratification testing and select sampling points according to section 8.1.2 of method 7E of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A. If using a control device, the sampling site must be located at the outlet of the control device. | |
| ii. Determine the O2 concentration of the stationary RICE exhaust at the sampling port location; and | (1) Method 3 or 3A or 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, or ASTM D6522-00 (Reapproved 2005) 1 3 (heated probe not necessary) | (b) Measurements to determine O2 concentration must be made at the same time and location as the measurements for formaldehyde or CO concentration. | ||
| iii. Measure moisture content of the stationary RICE exhaust at the sampling port location as needed to determine formaldehyde or CO and O2 concentrations on a dry basis; and | (2) Method 4 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3, or method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, or ASTM D6348-03 1 3 | (c) Measurements to determine moisture content must be made at the same time and location as the measurements for formaldehyde or CO concentration. | ||
| iv. Measure formaldehyde at the exhaust of the stationary RICE; or | (3) Method 320 or 323 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A; or ASTM D6348-03,1 3 provided in ASTM D6348-03 Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent R must be greater than or equal to 70 and less than or equal to 130 | (d) Formaldehyde concentration must be at 15 percent O2, dry basis. Results of this test consist of the average of the three 1-hour or longer runs. | ||
| v. Measure CO at the exhaust of the stationary RICE | (4) Method 10 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4, ASTM D6522-00 (2005),1 3 method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, or ASTM D6348-03 1 3 | (e) CO concentration must be at 15 percent O2, dry basis. Results of this test consist of the average of the three 1-hour or longer runs. | ||
| 1 You may also use methods 3A and 10 as options to ASTM-D6522-00 (2005). | ||||
| 2 You may obtain a copy of ASTM-D6348-03 from at least one of the following addresses: American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, or University Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. | ||||
| 3 Incorporated by reference, see § 63.14. | ||||
[88 FR 18413, Mar. 29, 2023]
As stated in §§ 63.6612, 63.6625 and 63.6630, you must initially comply with the emission and operating limitations as required by the following:
| For each . . . | Complying with the requirement to . . . | You have demonstrated initial compliance if . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Reduce CO emissions and using oxidation catalyst, and using a CPMS | i. The average reduction of emissions of CO determined from the initial performance test achieves the required CO percent reduction; and ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and iii. You have recorded the catalyst pressure drop and catalyst inlet temperature during the initial performance test. |
| 2. Non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of CO, using oxidation catalyst, and using a CPMS | i. The average CO concentration determined from the initial performance test is less than or equal to the CO emission limitation; and |
| ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. You have recorded the catalyst pressure drop and catalyst inlet temperature during the initial performance test. | ||
| 3. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Reduce CO emissions and not using oxidation catalyst | i. The average reduction of emissions of CO determined from the initial performance test achieves the required CO percent reduction; and ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor operating parameters approved by the Administrator (if any) according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and iii. You have recorded the approved operating parameters (if any) during the initial performance test. |
| 4. Non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of CO, and not using oxidation catalyst | i. The average CO concentration determined from the initial performance test is less than or equal to the CO emission limitation; and ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor operating parameters approved by the Administrator (if any) according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and |
| iii. You have recorded the approved operating parameters (if any) during the initial performance test. | ||
| 5. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Reduce CO emissions, and using a CEMS | i. You have installed a CEMS to continuously monitor CO and either O2 or CO2 at both the inlet and outlet of the oxidation catalyst according to the requirements in § 63.6625(a); and ii. You have conducted a performance evaluation of your CEMS using PS 3 and 4A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B; and |
| iii. The average reduction of CO calculated using § 63.6620 equals or exceeds the required percent reduction. The initial test comprises the first 4-hour period after successful validation of the CEMS. Compliance is based on the average percent reduction achieved during the 4-hour period. | ||
| 6. Non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of CO, and using a CEMS | i. You have installed a CEMS to continuously monitor CO and either O2 or CO2 at the outlet of the oxidation catalyst according to the requirements in § 63.6625(a); and |
| ii. You have conducted a performance evaluation of your CEMS using PS 3 and 4A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B; and | ||
| iii. The average concentration of CO calculated using § 63.6620 is less than or equal to the CO emission limitation. The initial test comprises the first 4-hour period after successful validation of the CEMS. Compliance is based on the average concentration measured during the 4-hour period. | ||
| 7. Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions and using NSCR | i. The average reduction of emissions of formaldehyde determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than the required formaldehyde percent reduction, or the average reduction of emissions of THC determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than 30 percent; and |
| ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. You have recorded the catalyst pressure drop and catalyst inlet temperature during the initial performance test. | ||
| 8. Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions and not using NSCR | i. The average reduction of emissions of formaldehyde determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than the required formaldehyde percent reduction or the average reduction of emissions of THC determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than 30 percent; and |
| ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor operating parameters approved by the Administrator (if any) according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. You have recorded the approved operating parameters (if any) during the initial performance test. | ||
| 9. New or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and using oxidation catalyst or NSCR | i. The average formaldehyde concentration, corrected to 15 percent O2, dry basis, from the three test runs is less than or equal to the formaldehyde emission limitation; and ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and |
| iii. You have recorded the catalyst pressure drop and catalyst inlet temperature during the initial performance test. | ||
| 10. New or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and not using oxidation catalyst or NSCR | i. The average formaldehyde concentration, corrected to 15 percent O2, dry basis, from the three test runs is less than or equal to the formaldehyde emission limitation; and ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor operating parameters approved by the Administrator (if any) according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and |
| iii. You have recorded the approved operating parameters (if any) during the initial performance test. | ||
| 11. Existing non-emergency stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE 300<HP≤500 located at an area source of HAP | a. Reduce CO emissions | i. The average reduction of emissions of CO or formaldehyde, as applicable determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than the required CO or formaldehyde, as applicable, percent reduction. |
| 12. Existing non-emergency stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE 300<HP≤500 located at an area source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde or CO in the stationary RICE exhaust | i. The average formaldehyde or CO concentration, as applicable, corrected to 15 percent O2, dry basis, from the three test runs is less than or equal to the formaldehyde or CO emission limitation, as applicable. |
| 13. Existing non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that are operated more than 24 hours per calendar year | a. Install an oxidation catalyst | i. You have conducted an initial compliance demonstration as specified in § 63.6630(e) to show that the average reduction of emissions of CO is 93 percent or more, or the average CO concentration is less than or equal to 47 ppmvd at 15 percent O2; |
| ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b), or you have installed equipment to automatically shut down the engine if the catalyst inlet temperature exceeds 1350 °F. | ||
| 14. Existing non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that are operated more than 24 hours per calendar year | a. Install NSCR | i. You have conducted an initial compliance demonstration as specified in § 63.6630(e) to show that the average reduction of emissions of CO is 75 percent or more, the average CO concentration is less than or equal to 270 ppmvd at 15 percent O2, or the average reduction of emissions of THC is 30 percent or more; |
| ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b), or you have installed equipment to automatically shut down the engine if the catalyst inlet temperature exceeds 1250 °F. |
[78 FR 6712, Jan. 30, 2013]
As stated in § 63.6640, you must continuously comply with the emissions and operating limitations and work or management practices as required by the following:
| For each . . . | Complying with the requirement to . . . | You must demonstrate continuous compliance by . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, and new or reconstructed non-emergency CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce CO emissions and using an oxidation catalyst, and using a CPMS | i. Conducting semiannual performance tests for CO to demonstrate that the required CO percent reduction is achieved a; and ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and |
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and | ||
| v. Measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. | ||
| 2. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, and new or reconstructed non-emergency CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce CO emissions and not using an oxidation catalyst, and using a CPMS | i. Conducting semiannual performance tests for CO to demonstrate that the required CO percent reduction is achieved a; and ii. Collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and |
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. | ||
| 3. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP | a. Reduce CO emissions or limit the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust, and using a CEMS | i. Collecting the monitoring data according to § 63.6625(a), reducing the measurements to 1-hour averages, calculating the percent reduction or concentration of CO emissions according to § 63.6620; and ii. Demonstrating that the catalyst achieves the required percent reduction of CO emissions over the 4-hour averaging period, or that the emission remain at or below the CO concentration limit; and |
| iii. Conducting an annual RATA of your CEMS using PS 3 and 4A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B, as well as daily and periodic data quality checks in accordance with 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, procedure 1. | ||
| 4. Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions and using NSCR | i. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and |
| ii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iii. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and | ||
| iv. Measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. | ||
| 5. Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions and not using NSCR | i. Collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and |
| ii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iii. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. | ||
| 6. Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE with a brake HP ≥5,000 located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions | Conducting semiannual performance tests for formaldehyde to demonstrate that the required formaldehyde percent reduction is achieved, or to demonstrate that the average reduction of emissions of THC determined from the performance test is equal to or greater than 30 percent.a |
| 7. New or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP and new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and using oxidation catalyst or NSCR | i. Conducting semiannual performance tests for formaldehyde to demonstrate that your emissions remain at or below the formaldehyde concentration limit a; and ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and |
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and | ||
| v. Measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. | ||
| 8. New or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP and new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and not using oxidation catalyst or NSCR | i. Conducting semiannual performance tests for formaldehyde to demonstrate that your emissions remain at or below the formaldehyde concentration limit a; and ii. Collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and |
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. | ||
| 9. Existing emergency and black start stationary RICE ≤500 HP located at a major source of HAP, existing non-emergency stationary RICE <100 HP located at a major source of HAP, existing emergency and black start stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP, existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE ≤300 HP located at an area source of HAP, existing non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP, existing non-emergency stationary SI RICE located at an area source of HAP which combusts landfill or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis, existing non-emergency 4SLB and 4SRB stationary RICE ≤500 HP located at an area source of HAP, existing non-emergency 4SLB and 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that operate 24 hours or less per calendar year, and existing non-emergency 4SLB and 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are remote stationary RICE | a. Work or Management practices | i. Operating and maintaining the stationary RICE according to the manufacturer's emission-related operation and maintenance instructions; or ii. Develop and follow your own maintenance plan which must provide to the extent practicable for the maintenance and operation of the engine in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practice for minimizing emissions. |
| 10. Existing stationary CI RICE >500 HP that are not limited use stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions, or limit the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust, and using oxidation catalyst | i. Conducting performance tests every 8,760 hours or 3 years, whichever comes first, for CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, to demonstrate that the required CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, percent reduction is achieved or that your emissions remain at or below the CO or formaldehyde concentration limit; and |
| ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and | ||
| v. Measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. | ||
| 11. Existing stationary CI RICE >500 HP that are not limited use stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions, or limit the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust, and not using oxidation catalyst | i. Conducting performance tests every 8,760 hours or 3 years, whichever comes first, for CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, to demonstrate that the required CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, percent reduction is achieved or that your emissions remain at or below the CO or formaldehyde concentration limit; and |
| ii. Collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. | ||
| 12. Existing limited use CI stationary RICE >500 HP | a. Reduce CO emissions or limit the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust, and using an oxidation catalyst | i. Conducting performance tests every 8,760 hours or 5 years, whichever comes first, for CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, to demonstrate that the required CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, percent reduction is achieved or that your emissions remain at or below the CO or formaldehyde concentration limit; and |
| ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and | ||
| v. Measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. | ||
| 13. Existing limited use CI stationary RICE >500 HP | a. Reduce CO emissions or limit the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust, and not using an oxidation catalyst | i. Conducting performance tests every 8,760 hours or 5 years, whichever comes first, for CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, to demonstrate that the required CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, percent reduction is achieved or that your emissions remain at or below the CO or formaldehyde concentration limit; and |
| ii. Collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. | ||
| 14. Existing non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that are operated more than 24 hours per calendar year | a. Install an oxidation catalyst | i. Conducting annual compliance demonstrations as specified in § 63.6640(c) to show that the average reduction of emissions of CO is 93 percent or more, or the average CO concentration is less than or equal to 47 ppmvd at 15 percent O2; and either ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b), reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the limitation of greater than 450 °F and less than or equal to 1350 °F for the catalyst inlet temperature; or iii. Immediately shutting down the engine if the catalyst inlet temperature exceeds 1350 °F. |
| 15. Existing non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that are operated more than 24 hours per calendar year | a. Install NSCR | i. Conducting annual compliance demonstrations as specified in § 63.6640(c) to show that the average reduction of emissions of CO is 75 percent or more, the average CO concentration is less than or equal to 270 ppmvd at 15 percent O2, or the average reduction of emissions of THC is 30 percent or more; and either ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b), reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the limitation of greater than or equal to 750 °F and less than or equal to 1250 °F for the catalyst inlet temperature; or iii. Immediately shutting down the engine if the catalyst inlet temperature exceeds 1250 °F. |
| a After you have demonstrated compliance for two consecutive tests, you may reduce the frequency of subsequent performance tests to annually. If the results of any subsequent annual performance test indicate the stationary RICE is not in compliance with the CO or formaldehyde emission limitation, or you deviate from any of your operating limitations, you must resume semiannual performance tests. | ||
[78 FR 6715, Jan. 30, 2013]
As stated in § 63.6650, you must comply with the following requirements for reports:
| For each . . . | You must submit
a . . . |
The report must contain . . . | You must submit the report . . . |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Existing non-emergency, non-black start stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP; existing non-emergency, non-black start stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP; existing non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP; existing non-emergency, non-black start stationary CI RICE >300 HP located at an area source of HAP; new or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP; and new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP | Compliance report | a. If there are no deviations from any emission limitations or operating limitations that apply to you, a statement that there were no deviations from the emission limitations or operating limitations during the reporting period. If there were no periods during which the CMS, including CEMS and CPMS, was out-of-control, as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), a statement that there were not periods during which the CMS was out-of-control during the reporting period; or
b. If you had a deviation from any emission limitation or operating limitation during the reporting period, the information in § 63.6650(d). If there were periods during which the CMS, including CEMS and CPMS, was out-of-control, as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), the information in § 63.6650(e); or |
i. Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b)(1)-(5) and (i) for engines that are not limited use stationary RICE subject to numerical emission limitations; and ii. Annually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b)(6)-(9) and (i) for engines that are limited use stationary RICE subject to numerical emission limitations.
i. Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b) and (i). |
| c. If you had a malfunction during the reporting period, the information in § 63.6650(c)(4) | i. Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b) and (i). | ||
| 2. New or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE that combusts landfill gas or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis | Report | a. The fuel flow rate of each fuel and the heating values that were used in your calculations, and you must demonstrate that the percentage of heat input provided by landfill gas or digester gas, is equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis; and | i. Annually, according to the requirements in § 63.6650. |
| b. The operating limits provided in your federally enforceable permit, and any deviations from these limits; and | i. See item 2.a.i. | ||
| c. Any problems or errors suspected with the meters | i. See item 2.a.i. | ||
| 3. Existing non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB and 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that operate more than 24 hours per calendar year | Compliance report | a. The results of the annual compliance demonstration, if conducted during the reporting period | i. Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b)(1)-(5) and (i). |
| 4. Emergency stationary RICE that operate for the purposes specified in § 63.6640(f)(4)(ii) | Report | a. The information in § 63.6650(h)(1) | i. Annually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(h)(2)-(3) and (i). |
[89 FR 70522, Aug. 30, 2024]
As stated in § 63.6665, you must comply with the following applicable general provisions.
| General provisions citation | Subject of citation | Applies to subpart | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| § 63.1 | General applicability of the General Provisions | Yes | |
| § 63.2 | Definitions | Yes | Additional terms defined in § 63.6675. |
| § 63.3 | Units and abbreviations | Yes | |
| § 63.4 | Prohibited activities and circumvention | Yes | |
| § 63.5 | Construction and reconstruction | Yes | |
| § 63.6(a) | Applicability | Yes | |
| § 63.6(b)(1)-(4) | Compliance dates for new and reconstructed sources | Yes | |
| § 63.6(b)(5) | Notification | Yes | |
| § 63.6(b)(6) | [Reserved] | ||
| § 63.6(b)(7) | Compliance dates for new and reconstructed area sources that become major sources | Yes | |
| § 63.6(c)(1)-(2) | Compliance dates for existing sources | Yes | |
| § 63.6(c)(3)-(4) | [Reserved] | ||
| § 63.6(c)(5) | Compliance dates for existing area sources that become major sources | Yes | |
| § 63.6(d) | [Reserved] | ||
| § 63.6(e) | Operation and maintenance | No | |
| § 63.6(f)(1) | Applicability of standards | No | |
| § 63.6(f)(2) | Methods for determining compliance | Yes | |
| § 63.6(f)(3) | Finding of compliance | Yes | |
| § 63.6(g)(1)-(3) | Use of alternate standard | Yes | |
| § 63.6(h) | Opacity and visible emission standards | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or visible emission standards. |
| § 63.6(i) | Compliance extension procedures and criteria | Yes | |
| § 63.6(j) | Presidential compliance exemption | Yes | |
| § 63.7(a)(1)-(2) | Performance test dates | Yes | Subpart ZZZZ contains performance test dates at §§ 63.6610, 63.6611, and 63.6612. |
| § 63.7(a)(3) | CAA section 114 authority | Yes | |
| § 63.7(b)(1) | Notification of performance test | Yes | Except that § 63.7(b)(1) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.7(b)(2) | Notification of rescheduling | Yes | Except that § 63.7(b)(2) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.7(c) | Quality assurance/test plan | Yes | Except that § 63.7(c) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.7(d) | Testing facilities | Yes | |
| § 63.7(e)(1) | Conditions for conducting performance tests | No | Subpart ZZZZ specifies conditions for conducting performance tests at § 63.6620. |
| § 63.7(e)(2) | Conduct of performance tests and reduction of data | Yes | Subpart ZZZZ specifies test methods at § 63.6620. |
| § 63.7(e)(3) | Test run duration | Yes | |
| § 63.7(e)(4) | Administrator may require other testing under section 114 of the CAA | Yes | |
| § 63.7(f) | Alternative test method provisions | Yes | |
| § 63.7(g) | Performance test data analysis, recordkeeping, and reporting | Yes | |
| § 63.7(h) | Waiver of tests | Yes | |
| § 63.8(a)(1) | Applicability of monitoring requirements | Yes | Subpart ZZZZ contains specific requirements for monitoring at § 63.6625. |
| § 63.8(a)(2) | Performance specifications | Yes | |
| § 63.8(a)(3) | [Reserved] | ||
| § 63.8(a)(4) | Monitoring for control devices | No | |
| § 63.8(b)(1) | Monitoring | Yes | |
| § 63.8(b)(2)-(3) | Multiple effluents and multiple monitoring systems | Yes | |
| § 63.8(c)(1) | Monitoring system operation and maintenance | Yes | |
| § 63.8(c)(1)(i) | Routine and predictable SSM | No | |
| § 63.8(c)(1)(ii) | SSM not in Startup Shutdown Malfunction Plan | Yes | |
| § 63.8(c)(1)(iii) | Compliance with operation and maintenance requirements | No | |
| § 63.8(c)(2)-(3) | Monitoring system installation | Yes | |
| § 63.8(c)(4) | Continuous monitoring system (CMS) requirements | Yes | Except that subpart ZZZZ does not require Continuous Opacity Monitoring System (COMS). |
| § 63.8(c)(5) | COMS minimum procedures | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. |
| § 63.8(c)(6)-(8) | CMS requirements | Yes | Except that subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. |
| § 63.8(d) | CMS quality control | Yes | |
| § 63.8(e) | CMS performance evaluation | Yes | Except for § 63.8(e)(5)(ii), which applies to COMS. |
| Except that § 63.8(e) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. | |||
| § 63.8(f)(1)-(5) | Alternative monitoring method | Yes | Except that § 63.8(f)(4) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.8(f)(6) | Alternative to relative accuracy test | Yes | Except that § 63.8(f)(6) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.8(g) | Data reduction | Yes | Except that provisions for COMS are not applicable. Averaging periods for demonstrating compliance are specified at §§ 63.6635 and 63.6640. |
| § 63.9(a) | Applicability and State delegation of notification requirements | Yes | |
| § 63.9(b)(1)-(5) | Initial notifications | Yes | Except that § 63.9(b)(3) is reserved. |
| Except that § 63.9(b) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. | |||
| § 63.9(c) | Request for compliance extension | Yes | Except that § 63.9(c) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.9(d) | Notification of special compliance requirements for new sources | Yes | Except that § 63.9(d) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.9(e) | Notification of performance test | Yes | Except that § 63.9(e) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.9(f) | Notification of visible emission (VE)/opacity test | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or VE standards. |
| § 63.9(g)(1) | Notification of performance evaluation | Yes | Except that § 63.9(g) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.9(g)(2) | Notification of use of COMS data | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or VE standards. |
| § 63.9(g)(3) | Notification that criterion for alternative to RATA is exceeded | Yes | If alternative is in use.
Except that § 63.9(g) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.9(h)(1)-(6) | Notification of compliance status | Yes | Except that notifications for sources using a CEMS are due 30 days after completion of performance evaluations. § 63.9(h)(4) is reserved. |
| Except that § 63.9(h) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. | |||
| § 63.9(i) | Adjustment of submittal deadlines | Yes | |
| § 63.9(j) | Change in previous information | Yes | |
| § 63.9(k) | Electronic reporting procedures | Yes | Only as specified in §§ 63.9(j), 63.6620, 63.6625, 63.6645, and 63.6650. |
| § 63.10(a) | Administrative provisions for recordkeeping/reporting | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(1) | Record retention | Yes | Except that the most recent 2 years of data do not have to be retained on site. |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(i)-(v) | Records related to SSM | No | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(vi)-(xi) | Records | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(xii) | Record when under waiver | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(xiii) | Records when using alternative to RATA | Yes | For CO standard if using RATA alternative. |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(xiv) | Records of supporting documentation | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(3) | Records of applicability determination | Yes | |
| § 63.10(c) | Additional records for sources using CEMS | Yes | Except that § 63.10(c)(2)-(4) and (9) are reserved. |
| § 63.10(d)(1) | General reporting requirements | Yes | |
| § 63.10(d)(2) | Report of performance test results | Yes | |
| § 63.10(d)(3) | Reporting opacity or VE observations | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or VE standards. |
| § 63.10(d)(4) | Progress reports | Yes | |
| § 63.10(d)(5) | Startup, shutdown, and malfunction reports | No | |
| § 63.10(e)(1) and (2)(i) | Additional CMS Reports | Yes | |
| § 63.10(e)(2)(ii) | COMS-related report | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. |
| § 63.10(e)(3) | Excess emission and parameter exceedances reports | No | Excess emissions and exceedance reporting is specified in § 63.6650. |
| § 63.10(e)(4) | Reporting COMS data | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. |
| § 63.10(f) | Waiver for recordkeeping/reporting | Yes | |
| § 63.11 | Flares | No | |
| § 63.12 | State authority and delegations | Yes | |
| § 63.13 | Addresses | Yes | |
| § 63.14 | Incorporation by reference | Yes | |
| § 63.15 | Availability of information | Yes |
[89 FR 70522, Aug. 30, 2024]
1.0 Scope and Application. What is this Protocol?
This protocol is a procedure for using portable electrochemical (EC) cells for measuring carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen (O2) concentrations in controlled and uncontrolled emissions from existing stationary 4-stroke lean burn and 4-stroke rich burn reciprocating internal combustion engines as specified in the applicable rule.
1.1 Analytes. What does this protocol determine?
This protocol measures the engine exhaust gas concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen (O2).
| Analyte | CAS No. | Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon monoxide (CO) | 630-08-0 | Minimum detectable limit should be 2 percent of the nominal range or 1 ppm, whichever is less restrictive. |
| Oxygen (O2) | 7782-44-7 |
1.2 Applicability. When is this protocol acceptable?
This protocol is applicable to 40 CFR part 63, subpart ZZZZ. Because of inherent cross sensitivities of EC cells, you must not apply this protocol to other emissions sources without specific instruction to that effect.
1.3 Data Quality Objectives. How good must my collected data be?
Refer to Section 13 to verify and document acceptable analyzer performance.
1.4 Range. What is the targeted analytical range for this protocol?
The measurement system and EC cell design(s) conforming to this protocol will determine the analytical range for each gas component. The nominal ranges are defined by choosing up-scale calibration gas concentrations near the maximum anticipated flue gas concentrations for CO and O2, or no more than twice the permitted CO level.
1.5 Sensitivity. What minimum detectable limit will this protocol yield for a particular gas component?
The minimum detectable limit depends on the nominal range and resolution of the specific EC cell used, and the signal to noise ratio of the measurement system. The minimum detectable limit should be 2 percent of the nominal range or 1 ppm, whichever is less restrictive.
2.0 Summary of Protocol
In this protocol, a gas sample is extracted from an engine exhaust system and then conveyed to a portable EC analyzer for measurement of CO and O2 gas concentrations. This method provides measurement system performance specifications and sampling protocols to ensure reliable data. You may use additions to, or modifications of vendor supplied measurement systems (e.g., heated or unheated sample lines, thermocouples, flow meters, selective gas scrubbers, etc.) to meet the design specifications of this protocol. Do not make changes to the measurement system from the as-verified configuration (Section 3.12).
3.0 Definitions
3.1 Measurement System. The total equipment required for the measurement of CO and O2 concentrations. The measurement system consists of the following major subsystems:
3.1.1 Data Recorder. A strip chart recorder, computer or digital recorder for logging measurement data from the analyzer output. You may record measurement data from the digital data display manually or electronically.
3.1.2 Electrochemical (EC) Cell. A device, similar to a fuel cell, used to sense the presence of a specific analyte and generate an electrical current output proportional to the analyte concentration.
3.1.3 Interference Gas Scrubber. A device used to remove or neutralize chemical compounds that may interfere with the selective operation of an EC cell.
3.1.4 Moisture Removal System. Any device used to reduce the concentration of moisture in the sample stream so as to protect the EC cells from the damaging effects of condensation and to minimize errors in measurements caused by the scrubbing of soluble gases.
3.1.5 Sample Interface. The portion of the system used for one or more of the following: sample acquisition; sample transport; sample conditioning or protection of the EC cell from any degrading effects of the engine exhaust effluent; removal of particulate matter and condensed moisture.
3.2 Nominal Range. The range of analyte concentrations over which each EC cell is operated (normally 25 percent to 150 percent of up-scale calibration gas value). Several nominal ranges can be used for any given cell so long as the calibration and repeatability checks for that range remain within specifications.
3.3 Calibration Gas. A vendor certified concentration of a specific analyte in an appropriate balance gas.
3.4 Zero Calibration Error. The analyte concentration output exhibited by the EC cell in response to zero-level calibration gas.
3.5 Up-Scale Calibration Error. The mean of the difference between the analyte concentration exhibited by the EC cell and the certified concentration of the up-scale calibration gas.
3.6 Interference Check. A procedure for quantifying analytical interference from components in the engine exhaust gas other than the targeted analytes.
3.7 Repeatability Check. A protocol for demonstrating that an EC cell operated over a given nominal analyte concentration range provides a stable and consistent response and is not significantly affected by repeated exposure to that gas.
3.8 Sample Flow Rate. The flow rate of the gas sample as it passes through the EC cell. In some situations, EC cells can experience drift with changes in flow rate. The flow rate must be monitored and documented during all phases of a sampling run.
3.9 Sampling Run. A timed three-phase event whereby an EC cell's response rises and plateaus in a sample conditioning phase, remains relatively constant during a measurement data phase, then declines during a refresh phase. The sample conditioning phase exposes the EC cell to the gas sample for a length of time sufficient to reach a constant response. The measurement data phase is the time interval during which gas sample measurements can be made that meet the acceptance criteria of this protocol. The refresh phase then purges the EC cells with CO-free air. The refresh phase replenishes requisite O2 and moisture in the electrolyte reserve and provides a mechanism to de-gas or desorb any interference gas scrubbers or filters so as to enable a stable CO EC cell response. There are four primary types of sampling runs: pre- sampling calibrations; stack gas sampling; post-sampling calibration checks; and measurement system repeatability checks. Stack gas sampling runs can be chained together for extended evaluations, providing all other procedural specifications are met.
3.10 Sampling Day. A time not to exceed twelve hours from the time of the pre-sampling calibration to the post-sampling calibration check. During this time, stack gas sampling runs can be repeated without repeated recalibrations, providing all other sampling specifications have been met.
3.11 Pre-Sampling Calibration/Post-Sampling Calibration Check. The protocols executed at the beginning and end of each sampling day to bracket measurement readings with controlled performance checks.
3.12 Performance-Established Configuration. The EC cell and sampling system configuration that existed at the time that it initially met the performance requirements of this protocol.
4.0 Interferences.
When present in sufficient concentrations, NO and NO2 are two gas species that have been reported to interfere with CO concentration measurements. In the likelihood of this occurrence, it is the protocol user's responsibility to employ and properly maintain an appropriate CO EC cell filter or scrubber for removal of these gases, as described in Section 6.2.12.
5.0 Safety. [Reserved]
6.0 Equipment and Supplies.
6.1 What equipment do I need for the measurement system?
The system must maintain the gas sample at conditions that will prevent moisture condensation in the sample transport lines, both before and as the sample gas contacts the EC cells. The essential components of the measurement system are described below.
6.2 Measurement System Components.
6.2.1 Sample Probe. A single extraction-point probe constructed of glass, stainless steel or other non-reactive material, and of length sufficient to reach any designated sampling point. The sample probe must be designed to prevent plugging due to condensation or particulate matter.
6.2.2 Sample Line. Non-reactive tubing to transport the effluent from the sample probe to the EC cell.
6.2.3 Calibration Assembly (optional). A three-way valve assembly or equivalent to introduce calibration gases at ambient pressure at the exit end of the sample probe during calibration checks. The assembly must be designed such that only stack gas or calibration gas flows in the sample line and all gases flow through any gas path filters.
6.2.4 Particulate Filter (optional). Filters before the inlet of the EC cell to prevent accumulation of particulate material in the measurement system and extend the useful life of the components. All filters must be fabricated of materials that are non-reactive to the gas mixtures being sampled.
6.2.5 Sample Pump. A leak-free pump to provide undiluted sample gas to the system at a flow rate sufficient to minimize the response time of the measurement system. If located upstream of the EC cells, the pump must be constructed of a material that is non-reactive to the gas mixtures being sampled.
6.2.8 Sample Flow Rate Monitoring. An adjustable rotameter or equivalent device used to adjust and maintain the sample flow rate through the analyzer as prescribed.
6.2.9 Sample Gas Manifold (optional). A manifold to divert a portion of the sample gas stream to the analyzer and the remainder to a by-pass discharge vent. The sample gas manifold may also include provisions for introducing calibration gases directly to the analyzer. The manifold must be constructed of a material that is non-reactive to the gas mixtures being sampled.
6.2.10 EC cell. A device containing one or more EC cells to determine the CO and O2 concentrations in the sample gas stream. The EC cell(s) must meet the applicable performance specifications of Section 13 of this protocol.
6.2.11 Data Recorder. A strip chart recorder, computer or digital recorder to make a record of analyzer output data. The data recorder resolution (i.e., readability) must be no greater than 1 ppm for CO; 0.1 percent for O2; and one degree (either °C or °F) for temperature. Alternatively, you may use a digital or analog meter having the same resolution to observe and manually record the analyzer responses.
6.2.12 Interference Gas Filter or Scrubber. A device to remove interfering compounds upstream of the CO EC cell. Specific interference gas filters or scrubbers used in the performance-established configuration of the analyzer must continue to be used. Such a filter or scrubber must have a means to determine when the removal agent is exhausted. Periodically replace or replenish it in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
7.0 Reagents and Standards. What calibration gases are needed?
7.1 Calibration Gases. CO calibration gases for the EC cell must be CO in nitrogen or CO in a mixture of nitrogen and O2. Use CO calibration gases with labeled concentration values certified by the manufacturer to be within ±5 percent of the label value. Dry ambient air (20.9 percent O2) is acceptable for calibration of the O2 cell. If needed, any lower percentage O2 calibration gas must be a mixture of O2 in nitrogen.
7.1.1 Up-Scale CO Calibration Gas Concentration. Choose one or more up-scale gas concentrations such that the average of the stack gas measurements for each stack gas sampling run are between 25 and 150 percent of those concentrations. Alternatively, choose an up-scale gas that does not exceed twice the concentration of the applicable outlet standard. If a measured gas value exceeds 150 percent of the up-scale CO calibration gas value at any time during the stack gas sampling run, the run must be discarded and repeated.
7.1.2 Up-Scale O2 Calibration Gas Concentration.
Select an O2 gas concentration such that the difference between the gas concentration and the average stack gas measurement or reading for each sample run is less than 15 percent O2. When the average exhaust gas O2 readings are above 6 percent, you may use dry ambient air (20.9 percent O2) for the up-scale O2 calibration gas.
7.1.3 Zero Gas. Use an inert gas that contains less than 0.25 percent of the up-scale CO calibration gas concentration. You may use dry air that is free from ambient CO and other combustion gas products (e.g., CO2).
8.0 Sample Collection and Analysis
8.1 Selection of Sampling Sites.
8.1.1 Control Device Inlet. Select a sampling site sufficiently downstream of the engine so that the combustion gases should be well mixed. Use a single sampling extraction point near the center of the duct (e.g., within the 10 percent centroidal area), unless instructed otherwise.
8.1.2 Exhaust Gas Outlet. Select a sampling site located at least two stack diameters downstream of any disturbance (e.g., turbocharger exhaust, crossover junction or recirculation take-off) and at least one-half stack diameter upstream of the gas discharge to the atmosphere. Use a single sampling extraction point near the center of the duct (e.g., within the 10 percent centroidal area), unless instructed otherwise.
8.2 Stack Gas Collection and Analysis. Prior to the first stack gas sampling run, conduct that the pre-sampling calibration in accordance with Section 10.1. Use Figure 1 to record all data. Zero the analyzer with zero gas. Confirm and record that the scrubber media color is correct and not exhausted. Then position the probe at the sampling point and begin the sampling run at the same flow rate used during the up-scale calibration. Record the start time. Record all EC cell output responses and the flow rate during the “sample conditioning phase” once per minute until constant readings are obtained. Then begin the “measurement data phase” and record readings every 15 seconds for at least two minutes (or eight readings), or as otherwise required to achieve two continuous minutes of data that meet the specification given in Section 13.1. Finally, perform the “refresh phase” by introducing dry air, free from CO and other combustion gases, until several minute-to-minute readings of consistent value have been obtained. For each run use the “measurement data phase” readings to calculate the average stack gas CO and O2 concentrations.
8.3 EC Cell Rate. Maintain the EC cell sample flow rate so that it does not vary by more than ±10 percent throughout the pre-sampling calibration, stack gas sampling and post-sampling calibration check. Alternatively, the EC cell sample flow rate can be maintained within a tolerance range that does not affect the gas concentration readings by more than ±3 percent, as instructed by the EC cell manufacturer.
9.0 Quality Control (Reserved)
10.0 Calibration and Standardization
10.1 Pre-Sampling Calibration. Conduct the following protocol once for each nominal range to be used on each EC cell before performing a stack gas sampling run on each field sampling day. Repeat the calibration if you replace an EC cell before completing all of the sampling runs. There is no prescribed order for calibration of the EC cells; however, each cell must complete the measurement data phase during calibration. Assemble the measurement system by following the manufacturer's recommended protocols including for preparing and preconditioning the EC cell. Assure the measurement system has no leaks and verify the gas scrubbing agent is not depleted. Use Figure 1 to record all data.
10.1.1 Zero Calibration. For both the O2 and CO cells, introduce zero gas to the measurement system (e.g., at the calibration assembly) and record the concentration reading every minute until readings are constant for at least two consecutive minutes. Include the time and sample flow rate. Repeat the steps in this section at least once to verify the zero calibration for each component gas.
10.1.2 Zero Calibration Tolerance. For each zero gas introduction, the zero level output must be less than or equal to ±3 percent of the up-scale gas value or ±1 ppm, whichever is less restrictive, for the CO channel and less than or equal to ±0.3 percent O2 for the O2 channel.
10.1.3 Up-Scale Calibration. Individually introduce each calibration gas to the measurement system (e.g., at the calibration assembly) and record the start time. Record all EC cell output responses and the flow rate during this “sample conditioning phase” once per minute until readings are constant for at least two minutes. Then begin the “measurement data phase” and record readings every 15 seconds for a total of two minutes, or as otherwise required. Finally, perform the “refresh phase” by introducing dry air, free from CO and other combustion gases, until readings are constant for at least two consecutive minutes. Then repeat the steps in this section at least once to verify the calibration for each component gas. Introduce all gases to flow through the entire sample handling system (i.e., at the exit end of the sampling probe or the calibration assembly).
10.1.4 Up-Scale Calibration Error. The mean of the difference of the “measurement data phase” readings from the reported standard gas value must be less than or equal to ±5 percent or ±1 ppm for CO or ±0.5 percent O2, whichever is less restrictive, respectively. The maximum allowable deviation from the mean measured value of any single “measurement data phase” reading must be less than or equal to ±2 percent or ±1 ppm for CO or ±0.5 percent O2, whichever is less restrictive, respectively.
10.2 Post-Sampling Calibration Check. Conduct a stack gas post-sampling calibration check after the stack gas sampling run or set of runs and within 12 hours of the initial calibration. Conduct up-scale and zero calibration checks using the protocol in Section 10.1. Make no changes to the sampling system or EC cell calibration until all post-sampling calibration checks have been recorded. If either the zero or up-scale calibration error exceeds the respective specification in Sections 10.1.2 and 10.1.4 then all measurement data collected since the previous successful calibrations are invalid and re-calibration and re-sampling are required. If the sampling system is disassembled or the EC cell calibration is adjusted, repeat the calibration check before conducting the next analyzer sampling run.
11.0 Analytical Procedure
The analytical procedure is fully discussed in Section 8.
12.0 Calculations and Data Analysis
Determine the CO and O2 concentrations for each stack gas sampling run by calculating the mean gas concentrations of the data recorded during the “measurement data phase”.
13.0 Protocol Performance
Use the following protocols to verify consistent analyzer performance during each field sampling day.
13.1 Measurement Data Phase Performance Check. Calculate the mean of the readings from the “measurement data phase”. The maximum allowable deviation from the mean for each of the individual readings is ±2 percent, or ±1 ppm, whichever is less restrictive. Record the mean value and maximum deviation for each gas monitored. Data must conform to Section 10.1.4. The EC cell flow rate must conform to the specification in Section 8.3.
Example: A measurement data phase is invalid if the maximum deviation of any single reading comprising that mean is greater than ±2 percent or ±1 ppm (the default criteria). For example, if the mean = 30 ppm, single readings of below 29 ppm and above 31 ppm are disallowed).
13.2 Interference Check. Before the initial use of the EC cell and interference gas scrubber in the field, and semi-annually thereafter, challenge the interference gas scrubber with NO and NO2 gas standards that are generally recognized as representative of diesel-fueled engine NO and NO2 emission values. Record the responses displayed by the CO EC cell and other pertinent data on Figure 1 or a similar form.
13.2.1 Interference Response. The combined NO and NO2 interference response should be less than or equal to ±5 percent of the up-scale CO calibration gas concentration.
13.3 Repeatability Check. Conduct the following check once for each nominal range that is to be used on the CO EC cell within 5 days prior to each field sampling program. If a field sampling program lasts longer than 5 days, repeat this check every 5 days. Immediately repeat the check if the EC cell is replaced or if the EC cell is exposed to gas concentrations greater than 150 percent of the highest up-scale gas concentration.
13.3.1 Repeatability Check Procedure. Perform a complete EC cell sampling run (all three phases) by introducing the CO calibration gas to the measurement system and record the response. Follow Section 10.1.3. Use Figure 1 to record all data. Repeat the run three times for a total of four complete runs. During the four repeatability check runs, do not adjust the system except where necessary to achieve the correct calibration gas flow rate at the analyzer.
13.3.2 Repeatability Check Calculations. Determine the highest and lowest average “measurement data phase” CO concentrations from the four repeatability check runs and record the results on Figure 1 or a similar form. The absolute value of the difference between the maximum and minimum average values recorded must not vary more than ±3 percent or ±1 ppm of the up-scale gas value, whichever is less restrictive.
14.0 Pollution Prevention (Reserved)
15.0 Waste Management (Reserved)
16.0 Alternative Procedures (Reserved)
17.0 References
(1) “Development of an Electrochemical Cell Emission Analyzer Test Protocol” , Topical Report, Phil Juneau, Emission Monitoring, Inc., July 1997.
(2) “Determination of Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon Monoxide, and Oxygen Emissions from Natural Gas-Fired Engines, Boilers, and Process Heaters Using Portable Analyzers” , EMC Conditional Test Protocol 30 (CTM-30), Gas Research Institute Protocol GRI-96/0008, Revision 7, October 13, 1997.
(3) “ICAC Test Protocol for Periodic Monitoring” , EMC Conditional Test Protocol 34 (CTM-034), The Institute of Clean Air Companies, September 8, 1999.
(4) “Code of Federal Regulations” , Protection of Environment, 40 CFR, Part 60, Appendix A, Methods 1-4; 10.
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| Run # | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | Time | Scrub. OK | Flow- Rate |
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[78 FR 6721, Jan. 30, 2013]