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42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
57 FR 61992, Dec. 29, 1992, unless otherwise noted.
74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, unless otherwise noted.
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74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, unless otherwise noted.
(a) Except as specified in paragraph (c) of this section, you are subject to this subpart if you own or operate a chemical manufacturing process unit (CMPU) that meets the conditions specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) The CMPU is located at an area source of hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions.
(2) HAP listed in table 1 to this subpart (Table 1 HAP) are present in the CMPU, as specified in paragraph (a)(2)(i), (ii), (iii), or (iv) of this section.
(i) The CMPU uses as feedstock, any material that contains quinoline, manganese, and/or trivalent chromium at an individual concentration greater than 1.0 percent by weight, or any other Table 1 HAP at an individual concentration greater than 0.1 percent by weight. To determine the Table 1 HAP content of feedstocks, you may rely on formulation data provided by the manufacturer or supplier, such as the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for the material. If the concentration in an SDS is presented as a range, use the upper bound of the range.
(ii) Quinoline is generated as byproduct and is present in the CMPU in any liquid stream (process or waste) at a concentration greater than 1.0 percent by weight.
(iii) Hydrazine and/or Table 1 organic HAP other than quinoline are generated as byproduct and are present in the CMPU in any liquid stream (process or waste), continuous process vent, or batch process vent at an individual concentration greater than 0.1 percent by weight.
(iv) Hydrazine or any Table 1 HAP is produced as a product of the CMPU.
(b) A CMPU includes all process vessels, equipment, and activities necessary to operate a chemical manufacturing process that produces a material or a family of materials described by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code 325. A CMPU consists of one or more unit operations and any associated recovery devices. A CMPU also includes each storage tank, transfer operation, surge control vessel, and bottoms receiver associated with the production of such NAICS code 325 materials.
(c) This subpart does not apply to the operations specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) Affected sources under the following chemical manufacturing area source categories listed pursuant to Clean Air Act (CAA) section 112(c)(3) and 112(k)(3)(B)(ii) that are subject to area source standards under this part:
(i) Manufacture of Paint and Allied Products, subject to subpart CCCCCCC of this part.
(ii) Mercury Emissions from Mercury Cell Chlor-Alkali Plants, subject to subpart IIIII of this part.
(iii) Polyvinyl Chloride and Copolymers Production, subject to subpart DDDDDD of this part.
(iv) Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers Production, subject to subpart LLLLLL of this part.
(v) Carbon Black Production, subject to subpart MMMMMM of this part.
(vi) Chemical Manufacturing Area Sources: Chromium Compounds, subject to subpart NNNNNN of this part.
(vii) Lead oxide production at Lead Acid Battery Manufacturing Facilities, subject to subpart PPPPPP of this part.
(2) Production of the following chemical manufacturing materials described in NAICS code 325:
(i) Manufacture of radioactive elements or isotopes, radium chloride, radium luminous compounds, strontium, uranium.
(ii) Manufacture of photographic film, paper, and plate where the material is coated with or contains chemicals. This subpart does apply to the manufacture of photographic chemicals.
(iii) Fabricating operations (such as spinning or compressing a solid polymer into its end use); compounding operations (in which blending, melting, and resolidification of a solid polymer product occurs for the purpose of incorporating additives, colorants, or stabilizers); and extrusion and drawing operations (converting an already produced solid polymer into a different shape by melting or mixing the polymer and then forcing it or pulling it through an orifice to create an extruded product). An operation is subject if it involves processing with Table 1 HAP solvent or if an intended purpose of the operation is to remove residual Table 1 HAP monomer.
(iv) Manufacture of chemicals classified using the 2007 version of NAICS code 325222, 325314, 325413, or 325998.
(3) Research and development facilities, as defined in CAA section 112(c)(7).
(4) Quality assurance/quality control laboratories.
(5) Ancillary activities, as defined in § 63.11502(b).
(6) Metal HAP in structures or existing as articles as defined in 40 CFR 372.3.
(d) This subpart applies to each new or existing affected source. The affected source is the facility-wide collection of CMPUs and each heat exchange system and wastewater system associated with a CMPU that meets the criteria specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. A CMPU using only Table 1 organic HAP is required to control only total CAA section 112(b) organic HAP. A CMPU using only Table 1 metal HAP is required to control only total CAA section 112(b) metal HAP in accordance with § 63.11495 and, if applicable, § 63.11496(f).
(1) An affected source is an existing source if you commenced construction or reconstruction of the affected source before October 6, 2008.
(2) An affected source is a new source if you commenced construction or reconstruction of the affected source on or after October 6, 2008.
(e) Any area source that installed a federally-enforceable control device on an affected CMPU is required to obtain a permit under 40 CFR part 70 or 40 CFR part 71 if the control device on the affected CMPU is necessary to maintain the source's emissions at area source levels. For new and existing sources subject to this rule on December 21, 2012 and subject to title V as a result of this rule, a complete title V permit application must be submitted no later than December 21, 2013. New and existing sources that become subject to this rule after December 21, 2012 must submit a complete title V permit application no later than 12 months after becoming subject to this rule if the source is subject to title V as a result of this rule. Otherwise, you are exempt from the obligation to obtain a permit under 40 CFR part 70 or 40 CFR part 71, provided you are not otherwise required by law to obtain a permit under 40 CFR 70.3(a) or 40 CFR 71.3(a). Notwithstanding the previous sentence, you must continue to comply with the provisions of this subpart.
(f) If you own or operate an existing affected source, you must achieve compliance with the applicable provisions in this subpart no later than March 21, 2013, except as specified otherwise in paragraph (i) of this section.
(g) If you start up a new affected source on or before October 29, 2009, you must achieve compliance with the applicable provisions of this subpart no later than October 29, 2009, except as specified otherwise in paragraph (i) of this section.
(h) If you start up a new affected source after October 29, 2009, you must achieve compliance with the provisions in this subpart upon startup of your affected source, except as specified otherwise in paragraph (i) of this section.
(i) All affected sources that commenced construction or reconstruction on or before January 22, 2025, must be in compliance with the requirements in §§ 63.11495(a)(6), (b)(4), and (e), 63.11496(e)(6)(iii), (f)(3)(iv), (f)(4), (g)(1)(iii), (g)(2)(ii), and (g)(4)(iii), and 63.11499(d), item 5 to table 5 to this subpart, and item 1.c to table 8 to this subpart upon initial startup, or on April 1, 2029, whichever is later. All affected sources that commenced construction or reconstruction after January 22, 2025, must be in compliance with the requirements in §§ 63.11495(a)(6), (b)(4), and (e), 63.11496(e)(6)(iii), (f)(3)(iv), (f)(4), (g)(1)(iii), (g)(2)(ii), and (g)(4)(iii), and 63.11499(d), item 5 to table 5 to this subpart, and item 1.c to table 8 to this subpart upon initial startup, or on April 1, 2026, whichever is later.
[74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 75756, Dec. 21, 2012; 91 FR 16522, Apr. 1, 2026]
(a) Management practices. If you have a CMPU subject to this subpart, you must comply with paragraphs (a)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) Each process vessel must be equipped with a cover or lid that must be closed at all times when it is in organic HAP service or metal HAP service, except for manual operations that require access, such as material addition and removal, inspection, sampling and cleaning. This requirement does not apply to process vessels containing only metal HAP that are in a liquid solution or other form that will not result in particulate emissions of metal HAP (e.g., metal HAP that is in ingot, paste, slurry, or moist pellet form or other form).
(2) You must use any of the methods listed in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section to control total organic HAP emissions from transfer of liquids containing HAP listed in table 1 to this subpart to tank trucks or railcars. You are not required to comply with this paragraph (a)(2) if you have notified the Administrator in your initial notification that a material is reactive or resinous, and you will not be able to comply with any of the methods in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section for the transfer of such material.
(i) Use submerged loading or bottom loading.
(ii) Route emissions to a fuel gas system or process in accordance with § 63.982(d).
(iii) Vapor balance back to the storage tank or another storage tank connected by a common header.
(iv) Vent through a closed-vent system to a control device.
(3) Except as specified in paragraph (a)(6) of this section, you must conduct inspections of process vessels and equipment for each CMPU in organic HAP service or metal HAP service, as specified in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) through (v) of this section, to demonstrate compliance with paragraph (a)(1) of this section and to determine that the process vessels and equipment are sound and free of leaks. Alternatively, except when the subject CMPU contains metal HAP as particulate, inspections may be conducted while the subject process vessels and equipment are in VOC service, provided that leaks can be detected when in VOC service.
(i) Inspections must be conducted at least quarterly.
(ii) For these inspections, detection methods incorporating sight, sound, or smell are acceptable. Indications of a leak identified using such methods constitute a leak unless you demonstrate that the indications of a leak are due to a condition other than loss of HAP. If indications of a leak are determined not to be HAP in one quarterly monitoring period, you must still perform the inspection and demonstration in the next quarterly monitoring period.
(iii) As an alternative to conducting inspections, as specified in paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section, you may use Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7, with a leak definition of 500 ppmv to detect leaks. You may also use Method 21 with a leak definition of 500 ppmv to determine if indications of a leak identified during an inspection conducted in accordance with paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section are due to a condition other than loss of HAP. The procedures in this paragraph (a)(3)(iii) may not be used as an alternative to the inspection required by paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section for process vessels that contain metal HAP as particulate.
(iv) Inspections must be conducted while the subject CMPU is operating.
(v) No inspection is required in a calendar quarter during which the subject CMPU does not operate for the entire calendar quarter and is not in organic HAP service or metal HAP service. If the CMPU operates at all during a calendar quarter, an inspection is required.
(4) Except as specified in paragraph (a)(6) of this section, you must repair any leak within 15 calendar days after detection of the leak, or document the reason for any delay of repair. For the purposes of this paragraph (a)(4), a leak will be considered “repaired” if a condition specified in paragraph (a)(4)(i), (ii), or (iii) of this section is met.
(i) The visual, audible, olfactory, or other indications of a leak to the atmosphere have been eliminated; or
(ii) No bubbles are observed at potential leak sites during a leak check using soap solution; or
(iii) The system will hold a test pressure.
(5) Except as specified in paragraph (a)(6) of this section, you must keep records of the dates and results of each inspection event, the dates of equipment repairs, and, if applicable, the reasons for any delay in repair.
(6) Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i) for equipment in organic HAP service, as determined by § 63.180(d), paragraphs (a)(3) through (5) of this section no longer apply. Instead, you must comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(6)(i) through (xiv) of this section. Equipment that is in vacuum service is excluded from the requirements of this paragraph (a)(6). Equipment that is in organic HAP service less than 300 hours per calendar year is excluded from the requirements of this paragraph (a)(6) if it is identified as required in § 63.11501(c)(9)(i)(D).
(i) Except as specified in paragraph (a)(6)(ii) of this section, conduct leak detection monitoring annually for all pumps in light liquid service, valves in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service, and connectors in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service as specified in paragraphs (a)(6)(i)(A) through (C) of this section.
(A) Use the method specified in § 63.180(b)(1) through (3).
(B) The calibration gases must be zero air (less than 10 ppm of hydrocarbon in air); and methane and air at a concentration of 10,000 ppm methane. At the end of each monitoring day, check the instrument using the same calibration gas that was used to calibrate the instrument before use. Follow the procedures specified in Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7, section 10.1, except do not adjust the meter readout to correspond to the calibration gas value. If multiple scales are used, record the instrument reading for each scale used. Divide the arithmetic difference of the initial and post-test calibration response by the corresponding calibration gas value for each scale and multiply by 100 to express the calibration drift as a percentage. If a calibration drift assessment shows a negative drift of more than 10 percent, then re-monitor all equipment monitored since the last calibration with instrument readings between the leak definition and the leak definition multiplied by (100 minus the percent of negative drift) divided by 100. If any calibration drift assessment shows a positive drift of more than 10 percent from the initial calibration value, then, at your discretion, all equipment with instrument readings above the leak definition and below the leak definition multiplied by (100 plus the percent of positive drift) divided by 100 monitored since the last calibration may be re-monitored.
(C) The instrument reading that defines a leak is 10,000 ppm or greater. When a leak is detected, the following requirements apply:
(1) Clearly identify the leaking equipment. A weatherproof and readily visible identification, marked with the equipment identification number, must be attached to the leaking equipment. The identification on the equipment may be removed after it is repaired.
(2) A first attempt at repair must be made no later than 5 calendar days after the leak is detected.
(3) The piece of equipment must be repaired as soon as practicable, but no later than 15 calendar days after the leak is detected, except as provided in paragraph (a)(6)(viii) of this section.
(4) The leak is repaired when instrument re-monitoring of the equipment does not detect a leak.
(5) It is a deviation to fail to take action to repair the leaks within the specified time. If action is taken to repair the leaks within the specified time, failure of that action to successfully repair the leak is not a deviation. However, if the repairs are unsuccessful, a leak is detected and you must take further action as required by applicable provisions of this paragraph (a)(6).
(ii) The following types of equipment are exempt from the monitoring requirements specified in paragraph (a)(6)(i) of this section if the equipment meets one of the requirements in paragraphs (a)(6)(ii)(A) through (E) of this section.
(A) Any pump in light liquid service, valve in gas/vapor service or light liquid service, or connector in gas/vapor service or light liquid service that is designated as unsafe-to-monitor if:
(1) You determine that the pump, valve, or connector is unsafe to monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with paragraph (a)(6)(i) of this section; and
(2) You have a written plan that requires monitoring of the pump, valve, or connector as frequently as practical during safe-to-monitor times, but not more frequently than the annual leak detection monitoring.
(B) Any pump in light liquid service if it meets one of the requirements in § 63.163(e)(1) through (6), (f), or (g). If the pump is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site then it is exempt from the weekly visual inspection requirement of § 63.163(e)(4), and the daily requirements of § 63.163(e)(5), provided that each pump is visually inspected as often as practicable and at least monthly.
(C) Any valve in gas/vapor service or light liquid service that is designated as a difficult-to-monitor valve if:
(1) You determine that the valve cannot be monitored without elevating the monitoring personnel more than 2 meters above a support surface or it is not accessible at anytime in a safe manner;
(2) The CMPU within which the valve is located is an existing source or you designate less than 3 percent of the total number of valves in a new source as difficult-to-monitor; and
(3) You follow a written plan that requires monitoring of the valve as frequently as practical, but not more frequently than the annual leak detection monitoring.
(D) Any connector in gas/vapor service or light liquid service that is designated as an unsafe-to-repair connector if:
(1) You determine that repair personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with paragraph (a)(6)(i) of this section; and
(2) The connector will be repaired before the end of the next scheduled CMPU shutdown.
(E) Any connector in gas/vapor service or light liquid service that is inaccessible or is ceramic or ceramic-lined (e.g., porcelain, glass, or glass-lined); however, if any inaccessible or ceramic or ceramic-lined connector is observed by visual, audible, olfactory, or other means to be leaking, a first attempt at repair must be made no later than 5 calendar days after the leak is detected. The leak must be repaired as soon as practicable, but no later than 15 calendar days after the leak is detected, except as provided in paragraphs (a)(6)(viii) and (a)(6)(ii)(D) of this section. An inaccessible connector is defined in § 63.11502(b).
(iii) For compressors, comply with the requirements in § 63.164.
(iv) For pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service or light liquid service, comply with the requirements in § 63.165(e)(1) through (8), except as specified in paragraphs (a)(6)(iv)(A) through (D) of this section.
(A) Substitute “violation” with “deviation”.
(B) Section 63.165(e)(3)(v)(D) does not apply.
(C) Substitute each occurrence of April 25, 2023 with April 1, 2026.
(D) Substitute the occurrence of July 15, 2027 with April 1, 2029.
(v) For sampling connection systems, comply with the requirements in § 63.166.
(vi) For open-ended valves or lines, comply with the requirements in § 63.167.
(vii) For pumps, valves, connectors, and agitators in heavy liquid service; instrumentation systems; and pressure relief devices in liquid service, comply with the requirements in § 63.169 except a leak is detected if the instrument reading equals or exceeds 10,000 ppmv for pumps, valves, and connectors instead of the leak definitions specified in § 63.169(b).
(viii) For delay of repair, comply with the requirements in § 63.171 except the phrase “Except as specified in paragraph (f) of this section,” and § 63.171(f) do not apply.
(ix) For closed vent systems and control devices, comply with the requirements in § 63.172 except as specified in paragraphs (a)(6)(ix)(A) through (G) of this section.
(A) Substitute “§ 63.162(b) of this subpart” with “paragraph (a)(6)(xi) of this section”.
(B) Section 63.172(d) does not apply.
(C) Flares used to comply with this paragraph (a)(6) must comply with the requirements in subpart SS of this part.
(D) Substitute “violation” with “deviation”.
(E) Substitute “For each source as defined in § 63.101, and for each source as defined in § 63.191, beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.100(k)(10)” with “For each affected source as described in § 63.11494(d), beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i)”.
(F) Substitute “After the compliance dates specified in § 63.100 of subpart F of this part” with “After the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i)”.
(G) Substitute “periodic report required by § 63.182(d)” with “semiannual compliance report required by paragraph (a)(6)(xiv) of this section”.
(x) For agitators in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service, comply with the requirements in § 63.173.
(xi) You may use the alternative means of emission limitation provided in §§ 63.178 and 63.179. You may also request a determination of alternative means of emission limitation to the requirements in this paragraph (a)(6) as provided in § 63.177. If the Administrator makes a determination that an alternative means of emission limitation is permissible, you must comply with the alternative.
(A) Substitute “§§ 63.163 through 63.171 and §§ 63.173 through 63.176” and “§ 63.163, through 63.171, and §§ 63.173 and 63.174 of this subpart” with “paragraphs (a)(6)(i) through (viii) and (x) of this section”.
(B) Substitute “§ 63.181” with “§ 63.11501(c)(9)”.
(C) Substitute “§ 63.163, §§ 63.168 and 63.169, and §§ 63.173 through 63.176 of this subpart” with “paragraphs (a)(6)(i), (ii), and (vii) through (x) of this section”.
(D) Substitute “§ 63.180(b) of this subpart” with “paragraph (a)(6)(i)(A) and (B) of this section”.
(E) Substitute “§§ 63.163 through 63.170, and §§ 63.172 through 63.176 of this subpart” with “paragraphs (a)(6)(i) through (vii), (ix), and (x) of this section”.
(F) Substitute “§ 63.174 of this subpart” with “paragraph (a)(6)(i) of this section”.
(G) Section 63.178(c)(3)(iii) and (iv) does not apply.
(H) Substitute “§ 63.172 of this subpart” with “paragraph (a)(6)(ix) of this section”.
(xii) Keep records as specified in § 63.11501(c)(9).
(xiii) Submit the Notification of Compliance Status as specified in § 63.11501(b)(6).
(xiv) Submit the Semiannual Compliance Report as specified in § 63.11501(d)(9).
(b) Small heat exchange systems. For each heat exchange system subject to this subpart with a cooling water flow rate less than 8,000 gallons per minute (gal/min) and not meeting one or more of the conditions in § 63.104(a)(1) through (4), you must comply with paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section, or as an alternative, you may comply with any one of the requirements in item 1.a, 1.b, or 1.c of table 8 to this subpart. Beginning on April 1, 2029, for purposes of compliance with this paragraph (b), § 63.104(a)(3) and (4) no longer apply.
(1) You must develop and operate in accordance with a heat exchange system inspection plan. The plan must describe the inspections to be performed that will provide evidence of hydrocarbons in the cooling water. Among other things, inspections may include checks for visible floating hydrocarbon on the water, hydrocarbon odor, discolored water, and/or chemical addition rates. You must conduct inspections at least once per quarter, even if the previous inspection determined that the indications of a leak did not constitute a leak as defined by § 63.104(b)(6).
(2) You must perform repairs to eliminate the leak and any indications of a leak or demonstrate that the HAP concentration in the cooling water does not constitute a leak, as defined by § 63.104(b)(6), within 45 calendar days after indications of the leak are identified, or you must document the reason for any delay of repair in your next semiannual compliance report.
(3) You must keep records of the dates and results of each inspection, documentation of any demonstrations that indications of a leak do not constitute a leak, the dates of leak repairs, and, if applicable, the reasons for any delay in repair.
(4) Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i), you must not inject water into or dispose of water in the heat exchange system if the water is considered wastewater as defined in § 63.11502.
(c) Startup, shutdown and malfunction. Startup, shutdown, and malfunction (SSM) provisions in subparts that are referenced in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section do not apply.
(d) General duty. At all times, you must operate and maintain any affected CMPU, including associated air pollution control equipment and monitoring equipment, in a manner consistent with safety and good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. The general duty to minimize emissions does not require the owner or operator to make any further efforts to reduce emissions if levels required by the applicable standard have been achieved. Determination of whether such operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Administrator, which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and maintenance records, and inspection of the CMPU.
(e) Bypass provisions. Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i), the use of a bypass line at any time on a closed vent system to divert emissions subject to any of the requirements in §§ 63.11495 through 63.11498 to the atmosphere, or to a control device not meeting the requirements specified in §§ 63.11495 through 63.11498, is an emissions standards deviation. If you are subject to the bypass monitoring requirements of § 63.983(a)(3), then you must continue to comply with the requirements in § 63.983(a)(3) and the recordkeeping and reporting requirements in §§ 63.998(d)(1)(ii) and 63.999(c)(2)(ii) and (iii), except the phrase “Except for equipment needed for safety purposes such as pressure relief devices, low leg drains, high point bleeds, analyzer vents, and open-ended valves or lines” in § 63.983(a)(3) does not apply. Instead, the exemptions specified in paragraphs (e)(1) and (2) of this section apply. Owners or operators of closed-vent systems and control devices used to comply with the equipment leak provisions specified in paragraph (a)(6)(ix) of this section are not subject to this paragraph (e).
(1) Except for pressure relief devices subject to § 63.165(e)(4), equipment such as low leg drains and equipment subject to the requirements specified in paragraph (a)(6) of this section are not subject to this paragraph (e).
(2) Open-ended valves or lines that use a cap, blind flange, plug, or second valve and follow the requirements specified in 40 CFR 60.482-6(a)(2), (b), and (c) or follow requirements codified in another regulation that are the same as 40 CFR 60.482-6(a)(2), (b), and (c) are not subject to this paragraph (e).
[74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 75756, Dec. 21, 2012; 91 FR 16523, Apr. 1, 2026]
(a) Organic HAP emissions from batch process vents. You must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section for organic HAP emissions from your batch process vents for each CMPU using Table 1 organic HAP. If uncontrolled organic HAP emissions from all batch process vents from a CMPU subject to this subpart are equal to or greater than 10,000 pounds per year (lb/yr), you must also comply with the emission limits and other requirements in Table 2 to this subpart.
(1) You must determine the sum of actual organic HAP emissions from all of your batch process vents within a CMPU subject to this subpart using process knowledge, engineering assessment, or test data. Emissions for a standard batch in a process may be used to represent actual emissions from each batch in that process. You must maintain records of the calculations. Calculations of annual emissions are not required if you meet the emission standards for batch process vents in Table 2 to this subpart.
(2) As an alternative to calculating actual emissions for each affected CMPU at your facility, you may elect to estimate emissions for each CMPU based on the emissions for the worst-case CMPU. The worst-case CMPU means the CMPU at the affected source with the highest organic HAP emissions per batch. The worst-case emissions per batch are used with the number of batches run for other affected CMPU. Process knowledge, engineering assessment, or test data may be used to identify the worst-case process. You must keep records of the information and procedures used to identify the worst-case process.
(3) If your current estimate is that emissions from batch process vents from a CMPU are less than 10,000 lb/yr, then you must keep a record of the number of batches of each process operated per month. Also, you must reevaluate your total emissions from batch process vents prior to making any process changes that affect emission calculations in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section. If projected emissions increase to 10,000 lb/yr or more, you must be in compliance with the options for batch process vents in table 2 to this subpart upon initiating operation under the new operating conditions. You must maintain records documenting the results of all updated emissions calculations.
(4) As an alternative to determining the HAP emissions, you may elect to demonstrate that the amount of organic HAP used in the process is less than 10,000 lb/yr. You must keep monthly records of the organic HAP usage.
(b) Organic HAP emissions from continuous process vents. You must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section for organic HAP emissions from your continuous process vents for each CMPU subject to this subpart using Table 1 organic HAP. If the total resource-effectiveness (TRE) index value for a continuous process vent is less than or equal to 1.0, you must also comply with the emission limits and other requirements in Table 3 to this subpart.
(1) You must determine the TRE index value according to the procedures in § 63.115(d), except as specified in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) You are not required to calculate the TRE index value if you control emissions in accordance with Table 3 to this subpart.
(ii) Sections 63.115(d)(1)(i) and (ii) are not applicable for the purposes of this paragraph (b)(1)(ii).
(iii) You may assume the TRE for a vent stream is >1.0 if the amount of organic HAP emitted in the vent stream is less than 0.1 pound per hour.
(2) If the current TRE index value is greater than 1, you must recalculate the TRE index value before you make any process or operational change that affects parameters in the calculation. If the recalculated TRE is less than or equal to 1.0, then you must comply with one of the compliance options for continuous process vents in Table 3 to this subpart before operating under the new operating conditions. You must maintain records of all TRE calculations.
(3) If a recovery device as defined in § 63.11502 is used to maintain the TRE index value at a level greater than 1.0 and less than or equal to 4.0, you must comply with § 63.982(e) and the requirements specified therein.
(c) Combined streams. If you combine organic HAP emissions from batch process vents and continuous process vents, you must comply with the more stringent standard in Table 2 or Table 3 to this subpart that applies to any portion of the combined stream, or you must comply with Table 2 for the batch process vents and Table 3 for the continuous process vents. The TRE index value for continuous process vents and the annual emissions from batch process vents shall be determined for the individual streams before they are combined, and prior to any control (e.g., by subtracting any emission contributions from storage tanks, continuous process vents or batch process vents, as applicable), in order to determine the most stringent applicable requirements.
(d) Halogenated streams. You must determine if an emission stream is a halogenated vent stream by calculating the mass emission rate of halogen atoms in accordance with § 63.115(d)(2)(v). Alternatively, you may elect to designate the emission stream as halogenated. If you use a combustion device to comply with the emission limits for organic HAP from a halogenated batch process vent or a halogenated continuous process vent, you must use a halogen reduction device to meet the emission limit in either paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this section and in accordance with § 63.994 and the requirements referenced therein.
(1) Reduce overall emissions of hydrogen halide and halogen HAP after the combustion device by greater than or equal to 95 percent, to less than or equal to 0.45 kilograms per hour (kg/hr), or to a concentration less than or equal to 20 parts per million by volume (ppmv).
(2) Reduce the halogen atom mass emission rate before the combustion device to less than or equal to 0.45 kg/hr or to a concentration less than or equal to 20 ppmv.
(e) Alternative standard for organic HAP. Exceptions to the requirements for the alternative standard requirements specified in Tables 2 and 3 to this subpart and § 63.2505 are specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) When § 63.2505 of subpart FFFF refers to Tables 1 and 2 to subpart FFFF and §§ 63.2455 and 63.2460, it means Tables 2 and 3 to this subpart and § 63.11496(a) and (b).
(2) Sections 63.2505(a)(2) and (b)(9) do not apply.
(3) When § 63.2505(b) references § 63.2445 it means § 63.11494(f) through (h).
(4) The requirements for hydrogen halide and halogen HAP apply only to hydrogen halide and halogen HAP generated in a combustion device that is used to comply with the alternative standard.
(5) When § 63.1258(b)(5)(ii)(B)(2) refers to a “notification of process change” report, it means the semi-annual compliance report required by § 63.11501(d) for the purposes of this subpart.
(6) Except as specified in paragraphs (e)(6)(i) through (iii) of this section, the CEMS requirements and data reduction requirements for CEMS specified in § 63.2450(j) apply.
(i) Substitute April 1, 2026” for “August 12, 2020” in § 63.2450(j)(1).
(ii) Section 63.2450(j)(3) does not apply. Instead, you must conduct a performance evaluation of each CEMS according to the requirements in § 63.8 and according to the applicable Performance Specification of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B, except that the schedule in § 63.8(e)(4) does not apply, and before January 22, 2025, the results of the performance evaluation must be included in the notification of compliance status report. Beginning on and after January 22, 2025, the results of the performance evaluation must be submitted in accordance with § 63.2520(g).
(iii) Substitute “§ 63.11494(i)” for each occurrence of “§ 63.2445(g)”.
(f) Emissions from metal HAP process vents. You must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) of this section for metal HAP emissions from each CMPU using Table 1 metal HAP. If the collective uncontrolled metal HAP emissions from all metal HAP process vents from a CMPU are equal to or greater than 400 lb/yr, then you must also comply with the emission limits and other requirements in Table 4 to this subpart and in paragraph (f)(3), (4), or (5) of this section. The requirements of this paragraph (f) do not apply to metal HAP process vents from CMPU containing only metal HAP that are in a liquid solution or other form that will not result in particulate emissions of metal HAP (e.g., metal HAP that is in ingot, paste, slurry, or moist pellet form or other form).
(1) You must determine the sum of metal HAP emissions from all metal HAP process vents within a CMPU subject to this subpart, except you are not required to determine the annual emissions if you control the metal HAP process vents within a CMPU in accordance with Table 4 to this subpart or if you determine your total metal HAP usage in the process unit is less than 400 lb/yr. To determine the mass emission rate you may use process knowledge, engineering assessment, or test data. You must keep records of the emissions calculations.
(2) If your current estimate is that total uncontrolled metal HAP emissions from a CMPU subject to this subpart are less than 400 lb/yr, then you must keep records of either the number of batches operated per month (batch vents) or the process operating hours (continuous vents). Also, you must reevaluate your total emissions before you make any process or operational change that affects emissions of metal HAP. If projected emissions increase to 400 lb/yr or more, then you must be in compliance with one of the options for metal HAP process vents in Table 4 to this subpart upon initiating operation under the new operating conditions. You must keep records of all recalculated emissions determinations.
(3) If you have an existing source subject to the HAP metals emission limits specified in table 4 to this subpart, you must comply with the initial and continuous compliance and monitoring requirements in paragraphs (f)(3)(i) through (iv) of this section. You must keep records of monitoring results to demonstrate continuous compliance.
(i) You must prepare a monitoring plan containing the information in paragraphs (f)(3)(i)(A) through (E) of this section. The plan must be maintained on-site and be available on request. You must operate and maintain the control device according to a site-specific monitoring plan at all times.
(A) A description of the device;
(B) Results of a performance test or engineering assessment conducted in accordance with paragraph (f)(3)(ii) of this section verifying the performance of the device for reducing HAP metals or particulate matter (PM) to the levels required by this subpart;
(C) Operation and maintenance plan for the control device (including a preventative maintenance schedule consistent with the manufacturer's instructions for routine and long-term maintenance) and continuous monitoring system (CMS);
(D) A list of operating parameters that will be monitored to maintain continuous compliance with the applicable emissions limits; and
(E) Operating parameter limits based on either monitoring data collected during the performance test or established in the engineering assessment.
(ii) Except as specified in paragraph (f)(3)(iv) of this section, you must conduct a performance test or an engineering assessment for each CMPU subject to a HAP metals emissions limit in table 4 to this subpart and on or before June 1, 2026 report the results in your Notification of Compliance Status (NOCS), after June 1, 2026 include a summary of results of a performance test submitted according to paragraph (g)(1)(iv) of this section and the results of an engineering assessment in your NOCS. If the performance test was not submitted according to paragraph (g)(1)(iv) of this section, submit the complete report with the NOCS. Each performance test or engineering assessment must be conducted under representative operating conditions, and sampling for each performance test must be conducted at both the inlet and outlet of the control device. You may not conduct performance tests during periods of malfunction. You must record the process information that is necessary to document operating conditions during the test and include in such record an explanation to support that such conditions represent the entire range of normal operation, including operational conditions for maximum emissions if such emissions are not expected during maximum production. You shall make available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of performance tests. If you own or operate an existing affected source, you are not required to conduct the initial performance test if a prior performance test was conducted within the 5 years prior to the effective date using the same methods specified in paragraph (f)(3)(iii) of this section, and, either no process changes have been made since the test, or, if you can demonstrate that the results of the performance test, with or without adjustments, reliably demonstrate compliance despite process changes.
(iii) Except as specified in paragraph (f)(3)(iv) of this section, if you elect to conduct a performance test, it must be conducted according to requirements in § 63.11410(j)(1). As an alternative to conducting a performance test using Method 5 or 5D to determine the concentration of PM, you may use Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8 of this chapter to determine the concentration of HAP metals. ASTM D6784-24 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) may also be used in lieu of Method 29, if the target compound is mercury and concentrations are approximately 0.5 to 100 micrograms per cubic meter. You have demonstrated compliance if the overall reduction of either HAP metals or total PM is equal to or greater than 95 percent.
(iv) Beginning on the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i), the option to use an engineering assessment (as specified in paragraph (f)(3)(ii) of this section for determining compliance with a HAP metals emissions limit in table 4 to this subpart) no longer applies. Instead, you must comply with the performance test requirements in paragraphs (f)(3)(ii) and (iii) of this section. If a performance test has never been conducted, conduct an initial performance test no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i) or within 180 days after startup of the source, whichever is later. Begin conducting subsequent performance tests no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i) or 60 calendar months after the previous performance test, whichever is later.
(4) If you have a new source using a baghouse as a control device, you must install, operate, and maintain a bag leak detection system on all baghouses used to comply with the HAP metals emissions limit in table 4 to this subpart. You must comply with the testing, monitoring, and recordkeeping requirements in § 63.11410(g), (i), and (j)(1), except you are not required to submit the monitoring plan required by § 63.11410(g)(2) for approval. If a performance test has never been conducted, conduct an initial performance test no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i) or within 180 days after startup of the source, whichever is later. Begin conducting subsequent performance tests no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i) or 60 calendar months after the previous performance test, whichever is later.
(5) If you have a new source using a control device other than a baghouse to comply with the HAP metals emission limits in table 4 to this subpart, you must comply with the initial and continuous compliance and monitoring requirements in paragraphs (f)(3)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(g) Exceptions and alternatives to 40 CFR part 63, subpart SS. If you are complying with the emission limits and other requirements for continuous process vents in Table 3 to this subpart, the provisions in paragraphs (g)(1) through (7) and (9) of this section apply in addition to the provisions in 40 CFR part 63, subpart SS. If you are complying with the emission limits and other requirements for batch process vents in Table 2 to this subpart, the provisions in paragraphs (g)(1) through (8) of this section apply in addition to the provisions in subpart SS.
(1) Requirements for performance tests.
(i) If you are complying with a percent reduction, mass emission limit, or outlet concentration performance standard in table 2 to this subpart for batch process vents or in table 3 to this subpart for continuous process vents, then the requirements specified in paragraphs (g)(1)(ii) through (iv) of this section and in § 63.2450(g)(1) through (4) apply instead of, or in addition to, the requirements specified in subpart SS of this part.
(ii) Upon request, you shall make available to the Administrator, such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of performance tests.
(iii) If a performance test has never been conducted, conduct an initial performance test no later than 180 days after the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i). Begin conducting subsequent performance tests no later than 180 days after the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i) or 60 calendar months after the previous performance test, whichever is later. You must record the process information that is necessary to document operating conditions during the test and include in such record an explanation to support that such conditions represent the entire range of normal operation, including operational conditions for maximum emissions if such emissions are not expected during maximum production. The owner or operator may not conduct performance tests during periods of malfunction.
(iv) Beginning on June 1, 2026 within 60 days after the date of completing each performance test required by this subpart, you must submit the results of the performance test following the procedure specified in § 63.9(k). Submit the data in a file format generated using the EPA's Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT). Alternatively, you may submit an electronic file consistent with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the EPA's ERT website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/electronic-reporting-tool-ert) accompanied by the other information required by § 63.7(g)(2) in PDF format.
(2) Design evaluation.
(i) Except as specified in paragraph (g)(2)(ii) of this section, to determine initial compliance with a percent reduction or outlet concentration emission limit, you may elect to conduct a design evaluation as specified in § 63.1257(a)(1) instead of a performance test as specified in subpart SS of this part. You must establish the value(s) and basis for the operating limits as part of the design evaluation. For continuous process vents, the design evaluation must be conducted at maximum representative operating conditions for the process, unless the Administrator specifies or approves alternate operating conditions. For batch process vents, the design evaluation must be conducted under worst-case conditions, as specified in § 63.2460(c)(2).
(ii) Beginning on the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i), paragraph (g)(2)(i) of this section does not apply. Instead, the owner or operator must comply with the performance test requirements in paragraph (g)(1) of this section.
(3) Outlet concentration correction for combustion devices. When § 63.997(e)(2)(iii)(C) requires you to correct the measured concentration at the outlet of a combustion device to 3 percent oxygen if you add supplemental combustion air, the requirements in either paragraph (g)(3)(i) or (ii) of this section apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(i) You must correct the concentration in the gas stream at the outlet of the combustion device to 3 percent oxygen if you add supplemental gases, as defined in § 63.2550, to the vent stream, or;
(ii) You must correct the measured concentration for supplemental gases using equation 1 to § 63.2460(e)(6); you may use process knowledge and representative operating data to determine the fraction of the total flow due to supplemental gas.
(4) Continuous parameter monitoring. The provisions in § 63.2450(k)(1) through (7) apply in addition to the requirements for continuous parameter monitoring systems (CPMS) in subpart SS of this part, except as specified in paragraphs (g)(4)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) You may measure pH or caustic strength of the scrubber effluent at least once per day for any halogen scrubber within a CMPU subject this section.
(ii) The requirements in § 63.2450(k)(6) to request approval of a procedure to monitor operating parameters does not apply for the purposes of this subpart. You must provide the required information in your NOCS report required by § 63.11501(b).
(iii) In § 63.2450(k)(7), substitute “§ 63.11494(i)” for “§ 63.2445(g)”.
(5) [Reserved]
(6) Excused excursions. Excused excursions, as defined in subpart SS of this part 63, are not allowed.
(7) Energetics and organic peroxides. If an emission stream contains energetics or organic peroxides that, for safety reasons, cannot meet an applicable emission limit specified in this subpart, then you must submit an application to the Administrator explaining why an undue safety hazard would be created if the air emission controls were installed, and you must describe the procedures that you will implement to minimize HAP emissions from these vent streams in lieu of the emission limitations in this section.
(8) Additional requirements for batch process vents. The provisions specified in § 63.2460(c) apply in addition to the provisions in subpart SS of this part 63, except as specified in paragraphs (g)(8)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) References to emission limits in Table 2 to subpart FFFF mean the emission limits in Table 2 to this subpart.
(ii) References to MCPU mean CMPU for purposes of this subpart.
(iii) Section 63.2460(c)(8) does not apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(9) Parameter monitoring averaging periods. Daily averages required in § 63.998(b)(3) apply at all times except during startup and shutdown. Separate averages shall be determined for each period of startup and period of shutdown.
(h) Surge control vessels and bottoms receivers. For each surge control vessel and bottoms receiver that meets the applicability criteria for storage tanks specified in Table 5 to this subpart, you must meet the emission limits and control requirements specified in Table 5 to this subpart.
(i) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction (SSM). References to SSM provisions in subparts that are referenced in paragraphs (a) through (h) of this section or Tables 2 through 5 to this subpart do not apply.
[74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 75757, Dec. 21, 2012; 91 FR 16525, Apr. 1, 2026]
(a) Organic HAP emissions from storage tanks. You must comply with the emission limits and other requirements in table 5 to this subpart and in paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section for organic HAP emissions from each of your storage tanks that meet the applicability criteria in table 5 to this subpart.
(b) Planned routine maintenance for a control device. Operate in accordance with paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section for periods of planned routine maintenance of a control device for storage tanks.
(1) Add no material to the storage tank during periods of planned routine maintenance.
(2) Limit periods of planned routine maintenance for each control device (or series of control devices) to no more than 240 hours per year (hr/yr), or submit an application to the Administrator requesting an extension of this time limit to a total of 360 hr/yr. The application must explain why the extension is needed and it must be submitted at least 60 days before the 240-hour limit will be exceeded.
(3) Keep records of the day and time at which planned routine maintenance periods begin and end, and keep a record of the type of maintenance performed.
(c) SSM provisions. References to SSM provisions in subparts that are referenced in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section or table 5 to this subpart do not apply.
(d) Combustion of halogenated streams. If you use a combustion device to comply with the emission limits for organic HAP from a halogenated vent stream from a storage tank, you must reduce emissions in accordance with § 63.11496(d) and the requirements referenced therein.
(e) Pressure vessels. If you are required to comply with this paragraph (e) as specified in item 5 of table 5 to this subpart (for each pressure vessel with a design capacity greater than or equal to 20,000 gallons), you must operate and maintain the pressure vessel, as specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) The pressure vessel must be designed to operate with no detectable emissions at all times.
(2) Except for equipment that meet the criteria specified in § 63.11495(a)(6)(ii)(A) (for valves, connectors, and pumps in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service that are unsafe to monitor), § 63.11495(a)(6)(ii)(C) (for valves in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service that are difficult-to-monitor), and § 63.11495(a)(6)(ii)(E) (for connectors in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service that are inaccessible or ceramic or ceramic-lined), you must monitor each point on the pressure vessel through which organic HAP could potentially be emitted by conducting initial and annual performance tests using Method 21 of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter.
(3) Each instrument reading greater than 500 ppmv is a deviation.
(4) Estimate the flow rate and total regulated material emissions from the defect. Assume the pressure vessel has been emitting for half of the time since the last performance test, unless other information supports a different assumption.
(5) Whenever organic HAP are in the pressure vessel, you must operate the pressure vessel as a closed system that vents through a closed vent system to either a control device (other than a flare) in accordance with § 63.982(c); or a flare in accordance with § 63.982(b). For purposes of compliance with this paragraph, a release of organic HAP through a pressure vessel's pressure relief device to the atmosphere is a deviation.
(f) Exceptions and alternatives to subpart SS of this part. If you are complying with a percent reduction, mass emission limit, or outlet concertation performance standard in table 5 to this subpart for storage tanks, then the provisions in paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) of this section apply in addition to the provisions in subpart SS of this part.
(1) Requirements for performance tests.
(i) The requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1)(ii) through (iv) of this section apply instead of, or in addition to, the requirements specified in subpart SS of this part.
(ii) Upon request, you shall make available to the Administrator, such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of performance tests.
(iii) If a performance test has never been conducted, conduct an initial performance test no later than 180 days after the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i). Begin conducting subsequent performance tests no later than 180 days after the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i) or 60 calendar months after the previous performance test, whichever is later. You must record the process information that is necessary to document operating conditions during the test and include in such record an explanation to support that such conditions represent the entire range of normal operation, including operational conditions for maximum emissions if such emissions are not expected during maximum production.
(iv) Beginning on June 1, 2026, within 60 days after the date of completing each performance test required by this subpart, you must submit the results of the performance test following the procedure specified in § 63.9(k). Submit the data in a file format generated using the EPA's Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT). Alternatively, you may submit an electronic file consistent with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the EPA's ERT website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/electronic-reporting-tool-ert) accompanied by the other information required by § 63.7(g)(2) in PDF format.
(2) Design evaluation. Beginning on the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i), the option to use a design evaluation to demonstrate compliance in § 63.985(b)(1)(i) does not apply. Instead, the owner or operator must comply with the performance test requirements in § 63.985(b)(1)(ii) and paragraph (f)(1) of this section.
[74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 75757, Dec. 21, 2012; 91 FR 16527, Apr. 1, 2026]
(a) You must comply with the requirements in paragraph (a)(1) and (2) of this section and in table 6, item 1 to this subpart for all wastewater streams from a CMPU subject to this subpart. If the partially soluble HAP concentration in a wastewater stream is equal to or greater than 10,000 ppmw and the wastewater stream contains a separate organic phase, then you must also comply with table 6, item 2 to this subpart for that wastewater stream. Partially soluble HAP are listed in table 7 to this subpart.
(1) Except as specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, you must determine the total concentration of partially soluble HAP in each wastewater stream using process knowledge, engineering assessment, or test data. Also, you must reevaluate the concentration of partially soluble HAP if you make any process or operational change that affects the concentration of partially soluble HAP in a wastewater stream.
(2) You are not required to determine the partially soluble concentration in wastewater that is hard piped to a combustion unit or hazardous waste treatment unit, as specified in Table 6, Item 2.b to this subpart.
(3) Separated organic material that is recycled to a process is no longer wastewater and no longer subject to the wastewater requirements after it has been recycled.
(b) References to SSM provisions in subparts that are referenced in paragraph (a) of this section or table 6 to this subpart do not apply.
[74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 75757, Dec. 21, 2012; 91 FR 16528, Apr. 1, 2026]
(a) Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this section, if the cooling water flow rate in your heat exchange system is equal to or greater than 8,000 gal/min and is not meeting one or more of the conditions in § 63.104(a)(1) through (4), then you must comply with one of the requirements specified in table 8 to this subpart.
(b) For equipment that meets Current Good Manufacturing Practice (CGMP) requirements of 21 CFR part 211, you may use the physical integrity of the reactor as the surrogate indicator of heat exchanger system leaks when complying with Item 1.a in Table 8 to this subpart.
(c) Any reference to SSM provisions in other subparts that are referenced in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section or Table 8 to this subpart do not apply.
(d) If you are required to comply with the requirements in § 63.104(f) through (j) and (l) as specified in item 1.c of table 8 to this subpart (for heat exchange systems with a cooling water flow rate greater than or equal to 8,000 gal/min), then you must also comply with the requirements in paragraphs (d)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) Replace each occurrence of “For each source as defined in § 63.101,” with “For each affected source as described in § 63.11494(d),”.
(2) Replace each reference to § 63.100(k)(10) with § 63.11494(i).
(3) Replace each occurrence of “semi-annual periodic report required by § 63.152(c)”, “semi-annual periodic report”, or “periodic report” with “semiannual compliance report”.
(4) The phrase “Except as specified in paragraph (g)(6) of this section,” in § 63.104(g)(4) does not apply.
(5) Section 63.104(g)(6) and (h)(6) do not apply.
(6) Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i), you must not inject water into or dispose of water in the heat exchange system if the water is considered wastewater as defined in § 63.11502.
[72 FR 73623, Dec. 28, 2007, as amended at 91 FR 16528, Apr. 1, 2026]
For any CMPU, heat exchange system, or wastewater system subject to the provisions of both this subpart and another rule, you may elect to comply only with the more stringent provisions as specified in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section. You must consider all provisions of the rules, including monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting. You must identify the subject CMPU, heat exchange system, and/or wastewater system, and the provisions with which you will comply in your NOCS report required by § 63.11501(b). You also must demonstrate in your NOCS report that each provision with which you will comply is at least as stringent as the otherwise applicable requirement in this subpart VVVVVV. You are responsible for making accurate determinations concerning the more stringent standards and noncompliance with this rule is not excused if it is later determined that your determination was in error and, as a result, you are violating this subpart. Compliance with this rule is your responsibility and the NOCS report does not alter or affect that responsibility.
(a) Compliance with other subparts of this part 63.
(1) If any part of a CMPU that is subject to the provisions of this subpart is also subject to the provisions of another subpart of 40 CFR part 63, then compliance with any of the requirements in the other subpart of this part 63 that are at least as stringent as the corresponding requirements in this subpart VVVVVV constitutes compliance with this subpart VVVVVV.
(2) After the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494, at an offsite reloading or cleaning facility subject to § 63.1253(f), as referenced from § 63.2470(e) and table 5 to this subpart, compliance with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting provisions of any other subpart of this part constitutes compliance with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting provisions of § 63.1253(f)(7)(ii) or (iii). You must identify in your notification of compliance status report required by § 63.11501(b) the subpart of this part with which the owner or operator of the offsite reloading or cleaning facility complies.
(b) Compliance with subparts of part 60 of this chapter. If any part of a CMPU that is subject to the provisions of this subpart is also subject to the provisions of subpart VV, VVa, VVb, DDD, III, IIIa, NNN, NNNa, RRR, or RRRa in part 60 of this chapter, then compliance with any of the requirements in part 60 of this chapter, subpart VV, VVa, VVb, DDD, III, IIIa, NNN, NNNa, RRR, or RRRa that are at least as stringent as the corresponding requirements in this subpart constitutes compliance with this subpart.
(c) Compliance with subparts of 40 CFR part 61. If any part of a CMPU that is subject to the provisions of this subpart is also subject to the provisions of subpart V, Y, BB, or FF of 40 CFR part 61, then compliance with any of the requirements in 40 CFR part 61, subpart V, Y, BB, or FF that are at least as stringent as the corresponding requirements in this subpart VVVVVV constitutes compliance with this subpart VVVVVV.
(d) Compliance with 40 CFR parts 260 through 272. If any part of a CMPU that is subject to the provisions of this subpart is also subject to the provisions of 40 CFR parts 260 through 272, then compliance with any of the requirements in 40 CFR part 260 through 272 rule that are at least as stringent as the corresponding requirements in this subpart VVVVVV constitutes compliance with this subpart VVVVVV.
[74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 75757, Dec. 21, 2012; 91 FR 16528, Apr. 1, 2026]
(a) General provisions. You must meet the requirements of the General Provisions in 40 CFR part 63, subpart A, as shown in Table 9 to this subpart. The General Provisions in other parts do not apply except when a requirement in an overlapping standard, which you determined is at least as stringent as subpart VVVVVV and with which you have opted to comply, requires compliance with general provisions in another part.
(b) Notification of compliance status (NOCS). Beginning August 31, 2026, the owner or operator must submit all subsequent Notification of Compliance Status reports in PDF format to the EPA following the procedure specified in § 63.9(k). Your NOCS required by § 63.9(h) must include the following additional information specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section, as applicable. Within 150 days after the first applicable compliance date, you must also submit the information in paragraph (b)(6) of this section for equipment subject to the requirements of § 63.11495(a)(6).
(1) This certification of compliance, signed by a responsible official:
(i) “This facility complies with the management practices in § 63.11495.”
(ii) “This facility complies with the requirements in § 63.11496 for HAP emissions from process vents.”
(iii) “This facility complies with the requirements in § 63.11496 and § 63.11497 for surge control vessels, bottoms receivers, and storage tanks.”
(iv) “This facility complies with the requirements in § 63.11498 to treat wastewater streams.”
(v) “This facility complies with the requirements in § 63.11499 for heat exchange systems.”
(2) If you comply with the alternative standard as specified in Table 2 to this subpart or Table 3 to this subpart, include the information specified in § 63.1258(b)(5), as applicable.
(3) If you establish an operating limit for a parameter that will not be monitored continuously in accordance with §§ 63.11496(g)(4) and 63.2450(k)(6), provide the information as specified in §§ 63.11496(g)(4) and 63.2450(k)(6).
(4) A list of all transferred liquids that are reactive or resinous materials, as defined in § 63.11502(b).
(5) If you comply with provisions in an overlapping rule in accordance with § 63.11500, identify the affected CMPU, heat exchange system, and/or wastewater system; provide a list of the specific provisions with which you will comply; and demonstrate that the provisions with which you will comply are at least as stringent as the otherwise applicable requirements, including monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements, in this subpart VVVVVV.
(6) For equipment subject to the requirements of § 63.11495(a)(6), you must also submit the information specified in paragraphs (b)(6)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(i) CMPU identification,
(ii) Number of each equipment type (e.g., valves, pumps) excluding equipment in vacuum service; and
(iii) Method of compliance with the standard (e.g., “annual leak detection and repair” or “equipped with dual mechanical seals”).
(iv) For pressure relief devices subject to the pressure release management work practice standards in § 63.165(e), you must submit the information listed in paragraphs (b)(6)(iv)(A) and (B) of this section.
(A) A description of the monitoring system to be implemented, including the relief devices and process parameters to be monitored, and a description of the alarms or other methods by which operators will be notified of a pressure release.
(B) A description of the prevention measures to be implemented for each affected pressure relief device.
(c) Recordkeeping. You must maintain files of all information required by this subpart for at least 5 years following the date of each occurrence according to the requirements in § 63.10(b)(1). If you are subject, you must comply with the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of § 63.10(b)(2)(iii) and (vi) through (xiv), and the applicable requirements specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (11) of this section.
(1) For each CMPU subject to this subpart, you must keep the records specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (viii) of this section.
(i) Except as specified in paragraph (c)(9) of this section, records of management practice inspections, repairs, and reasons for any delay of repair, as specified in § 63.11495(a)(5).
(ii) Except as specified in paragraph (c)(11) of this section, records of small heat exchange system inspections, demonstrations of indications of leaks that do not constitute leaks, repairs, and reasons for any delay in repair as specified in § 63.11495(b).
(iii) If batch process vent emissions are less than 10,000 lb/yr for a CMPU, records of batch process vent emission calculations, as specified in § 63.11496(a)(1), the number of batches operated each month, as specified in § 63.11496(a)(3), and any updated emissions calculations, as specified in § 63.11496(a)(3). Alternatively, keep records of the worst-case processes or organic HAP usage, as specified in § 63.11496(a)(2) and (4), respectively.
(iv) Records of all TRE calculations for continuous process vents as specified in § 63.11496(b)(2).
(v) Records of metal HAP emission calculations as specified in § 63.11496(f)(1) and (2). If total uncontrolled metal HAP process vent emissions from a CMPU subject to this subpart are estimated to be less than 400 lb/yr, also keep records of either the number of batches per month or operating hours, as specified in § 63.11496(f)(2).
(vi) Records identifying wastewater streams and the type of treatment they receive, as specified in table 6 to this subpart.
(vii) Before April 1, 2029, records of the date, time, and duration of each malfunction of operation of process equipment, control devices, recovery devices, or continuous monitoring systems used to comply with this subpart that causes a failure to meet a standard. The record must include a list of the affected sources or equipment, an estimate of the volume of each regulated pollutant emitted over the standard, and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions. After April 1, 2029, for any deviation, records of the start date, start time, duration in hours, cause, a list of the affected sources or equipment, an estimate of the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over any emission limit, and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions.
(viii) Before April 1, 2029, records of actions taken during periods of malfunction to minimize emissions in accordance with § 63.11495(d), including corrective actions to restore malfunctioning process and air pollution control and monitoring equipment to its normal or usual manner of operation. After April 1, 2029, for any deviation, records of actions taken to minimize emissions in accordance with § 63.11495(d), and any corrective action taken to return the affected unit to its normal or usual manner of operation.
(2) For batch process vents subject to table 2 to this subpart and continuous process vents subject to table 3 to this subpart, you must keep records specified in paragraphs (c)(2)(i) or (ii) of this section, as applicable.
(i) If you route emissions to a control device other than a flare, keep records of performance tests, if applicable, as specified in § 63.998(a)(2)(ii) and (4), keep records of the monitoring system and the monitored parameters, as specified in § 63.998(b) and (c), and keep records of the closed-vent system, as specified in § 63.998(d)(1). If you use a recovery device to maintain the TRE above 1.0 for a continuous process vent, keep records of monitoring parameters during the TRE index value determination, as specified in § 63.998(a)(3).
(ii) If you route emissions to a flare, keep records of the flare compliance assessment, as specified in § 63.998(a)(1)(i), keep records of the pilot flame monitoring, as specified in § 63.998(a)(1)(ii) and (iii), and keep records of the closed-vent system, as specified in § 63.998(d)(1).
(3) For metal HAP process vents subject to table 4 to this subpart, you must keep records specified in paragraph (c)(3)(i) or (ii) of this section, as applicable.
(i) For a new source using a control device other than a baghouse and for any existing source, maintain a monitoring plan, as specified in § 63.11496(f)(3)(i), and keep records of monitoring results, as specified in § 63.11496(f)(3).
(ii) For a new source using a baghouse to control metal HAP emissions, keep a site-specific monitoring plan, as specified in §§ 63.11496(f)(4) and 63.11410(g), and keep records of bag leak detection systems, as specified in §§ 63.11496(f)(4) and 63.11410(g)(4).
(4) For each storage tank subject to table 5 to this subpart, you must keep records specified in paragraphs (c)(4)(i) through (vii) of this section, as applicable.
(i) Keep records of the vessel dimensions, capacity, and liquid stored, as specified in § 63.1065(a).
(ii) Keep records of each inspection of an internal floating roof, as specified in § 63.1065(b)(1).
(iii) Keep records of each seal gap measurement for external floating roofs, as specified in § 63.1065(b)(2), and keep records of inspections of external floating roofs, as specified in § 63.1065(b)(1).
(iv) If you vent emissions to a control device other than a flare, keep records of the operating plan and measured parameter values, as specified in §§ 63.985(c) and 63.998(d)(2).
(v) If you vent emissions to a flare, keep records of all periods of operation during which the flare pilot flame is absent, as specified in §§ 63.987(c) and 63.998(a)(1), and keep records of closed-vent systems, as specified in § 63.998(d)(1).
(vi) For periods of planned routine maintenance of a control device, keep records of the day and time at which each maintenance period begins and ends, and keep records of the type of maintenance performed, as specified in § 63.11497(b)(3).
(vii) For each pressure vessel subject to the requirements of § 63.11497(f) you must keep records as specified in paragraphs (c)(4)(vii)(A) and (B) of this section.
(A) The date of each performance test conducted according to § 63.11497(f)(2).
(B) The record of each performance test conducted according to § 63.11497(f)(2), including the following:
(1) Date each defect was detected and the instrument reading (in ppmv) during the performance test.
(2) Date of the next performance test that shows the instrument reading is less than 500 ppmv and the instrument reading (in ppmv) during the performance test.
(3) Start and end dates of each period after the date in paragraph (c)(4)(ix)(B)(1) of this section when the pressure vessel was completely empty.
(4) Estimated emissions from each defect.
(5) For each wastewater stream subject to item 2 in table 6 to this subpart, keep records of the wastewater stream identification and the disposition of the organic phase(s), as specified in item 2 to table 6 to this subpart.
(6) Except as specified in paragraph (c)(11) of this section, for each large heat exchange system subject to table 8 to this subpart, you must keep records of detected leaks; the date the leak was detected; if demonstrated not to be a leak, the basis for that determination; the date of efforts to repair the leak; and the date the leak is repaired, as specified in table 8 to this subpart.
(7) You must keep a record of all transferred liquids that are reactive or resinous materials, as defined in § 63.11502(b), and not included in the NOCS.
(8) For continuous process vents subject to table 3 to this subpart, keep records of the occurrence and duration of each startup and shutdown of operation of process equipment, or of air pollution control and monitoring equipment.
(9) If you are subject to the equipment leak requirements specified in § 63.11495(a)(6), then you must keep records as specified in paragraphs (c)(9)(i) through (vii) of this section instead of the records specified in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section.
(i) Keep a list, summary description, or diagram(s) showing the location and identification number of all equipment in organic HAP service at the facility and the information in paragraphs (c)(9)(i)(A) through (D) of this section.
(A) Identification of equipment designated as unsafe to monitor, difficult to monitor, unsafe to inspect, difficult to inspect, or unsafe to repair and the plan for monitoring or inspecting this equipment, as applicable.
(B) Identification of the equipment in batch process units, for which you do not elect to pressure test the batch product process equipment train.
(C) Identification of the equipment in heavy liquid service.
(D) Identification of the equipment in organic HAP service less than 300 hours per calendar year.
(ii) For leak detection monitoring and inspections required by paragraphs § 63.11495(a)(6) (e.g., monitoring using Method 21 of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter; visible, audible, or olfactory monitoring; closed vent system inspections; and batch process unit monitoring), record the date of the monitoring or inspection and include a statement of whether leaks were detected. If no leaks are detected, records of the monitoring and inspection results are not required.
(iii) When each leak is detected as specified in § 63.11495(a)(6), the following information must be recorded:
(A) The instrument and the equipment identification number and the operator name, initials, or identification number.
(B) The date the leak was detected and the date of first attempt to repair the leak.
(C) The date of successful repair of the leak.
(D) Maximum instrument reading measured by Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this chapter after it is successfully repaired or determined to be nonrepairable.
(E) “Repair delayed” and the reason for the delay if a leak is not repaired within 15 calendar days after discovery of the leak.
(1) You may develop a written procedure that identifies the conditions that justify a delay of repair. In such cases, reasons for delay of repair may be documented by citing the relevant sections of the written procedure.
(2) If delay of repair was caused by depletion of stocked parts, there must be documentation that the spare parts were sufficiently stocked on-site before depletion and the reason for depletion.
(F) Dates of CMPU shutdowns that occur while the equipment is unrepaired.
(iv) For each pressure relief device subject to the provisions in § 63.165(e), you must keep the records specified in paragraphs (c)(9)(iv)(A) through (C) of this section.
(A) Records of the prevention measures implemented as required in § 63.165(e)(3)(ii).
(B) Records of the number of releases during each calendar year.
(C) For each release to the atmosphere, you must keep the records specified in paragraphs (c)(9)(iv)(C)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The start and end time and date of each pressure release to the atmosphere.
(2) Records of any data, assumptions, and calculations used to estimate of the mass quantity of each organic HAP released during the event.
(3) Records of the root cause analysis and corrective action analysis conducted as required in § 63.165(e)(3)(iii), including an identification of the affected facility, a statement noting whether the event resulted from the same root cause(s) identified in a previous analysis and either a description of the recommended corrective action(s) or an explanation of why corrective action is not necessary under § 63.165(e)(7)(i).
(4) For any corrective action analysis for which implementation of corrective actions are required in § 63.165(e)(7), a description of the corrective action(s) completed within the first 45 days following the discharge and, for action(s) not already completed, a schedule for implementation, including proposed commencement and completion dates.
(v) If you own or operate a batch product process and elect to pressure test the batch product process equipment train to demonstrate compliance with § 63.11495(a)(6), you are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (c)(9)(i) through (iv) of this section. Instead, you must maintain records of the following information:
(A) A list of identification numbers for equipment in a batch product process.
(B) The dates of each pressure test required in § 63.178(b), the test pressure, and the pressure drop observed during the test.
(C) When a batch product process equipment train does not pass two consecutive pressure tests, the following information must be recorded:
(1) The date of each pressure test and the date of each leak repair attempt.
(2) Repair methods applied in each attempt to repair the leak.
(3) The reason for the delay of repair.
(4) The expected date for delivery of the replacement equipment and the actual date of delivery of the replacement equipment.
(5) The date of successful repair.
(vi) You must maintain records of the information specified in paragraphs (c)(9)(vi)(A) through (C) of this section for closed vent systems and control devices subject to the provisions of § 63.172. The records specified in paragraph (c)(9)(vi)(A) of this section must be retained for the life of the equipment.
(A) The design specifications and performance demonstrations specified in paragraphs (c)(9)(vi)(A)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Detailed schematics, design specifications of the control device, and piping and instrumentation diagrams.
(2) The dates and descriptions of any changes in the design specifications.
(3) The flare design (i.e., steam-assisted, air-assisted, or non-assisted) and the results of the compliance demonstration required by subpart SS of this part.
(4) A description of the parameter or parameters monitored, as required in § 63.172(e), to ensure that control devices are operated and maintained in conformance with their design and an explanation of why that parameter (or parameters) was selected for the monitoring.
(B) Records of operation of closed vent systems and control devices, as specified in paragraphs (c)(9)(vi)(B)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Dates and durations when the closed vent systems and control devices required in § 63.11495(a)(6) are not operated as designed as indicated by the monitored parameters, including periods when a flare pilot light system does not have a flame.
(2) Dates and durations during which the monitoring system or monitoring device is inoperative.
(3) Dates and durations of startups and shutdowns of control devices required in § 63.11495(a)(6).
(C) Records of inspections of closed vent systems subject to the provisions of § 63.172, as specified in paragraphs (c)(9)(vi)(C)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) For each inspection conducted in accordance with the provisions of § 63.172(f)(1) or (2) during which leaks were detected, the information specified in paragraph (c)(9)(iii) of this section must be recorded.
(2) For each flow event from a bypass line subject to the requirements in § 63.172(j), you must maintain records sufficient to determine whether or not the detected flow included flow requiring control. For each flow event from a bypass line requiring control that is released either directly to the atmosphere or to a control device not meeting the requirements in § 63.11495(a)(6), you must include an estimate of the volume of gas, the concentration of organic HAP in the gas, and the resulting emissions of organic HAP that bypassed the control device using process knowledge and engineering estimates.
(vii) If you choose to comply with the requirements of § 63.179, you must maintain the following records:
(A) Identification of the CMPU(s) and the organic HAPs they handle.
(B) A schematic of the CMPU, enclosure, and closed vent system.
(C) A description of the system used to create a negative pressure in the enclosure to ensure that all emissions are routed to the control device.
(10) For each flow event from a bypass line subject to the requirements in § 63.11495(e), you must maintain records sufficient to determine whether or not the detected flow included flow requiring control. For each flow event from a bypass line requiring control that is released either directly to the atmosphere or to a control device not meeting the requirements specified in §§ 63.11495 through 63.11499, you must include an estimate of the volume of gas, the concentration of organic HAP in the gas and the resulting emissions of organic HAP that bypassed the control device using process knowledge and engineering estimates.
(11) If you are subject to the requirements specified in item 1.c of table 8 to this subpart (for heat exchange systems with a cooling water flow rate greater than or equal to 8,000 gal/min), then you must keep records as specified in § 63.104(f)(3) instead of the heat exchange system records specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(ii) and (6) of this section.
(d) Semiannual compliance reports. You must submit semiannual compliance reports that contain the information specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (12) of this section, as applicable. All reports must contain the company name and address (including county), as well as the beginning and ending dates of the reporting period. For periods where no events described by paragraphs (d)(1) through (12) of this section occur, a statement must be included in the report pursuant to § 63.10(e)(3)(v). Beginning on April 1, 2029, or once the report template for this subpart has been available on the CEDRI website for one year, whichever date is later, submit all subsequent reports using the appropriate electronic report template on the CEDRI website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/cedri) for this subpart and following the procedure specified in § 63.9(k). The date report templates become available will be listed on the CEDRI website. Unless the Administrator or delegated State agency or other authority has approved a different schedule for submission of reports, the report must be submitted by the deadline specified in this subpart, regardless of the method in which the report is submitted.
(1) Deviations. Before April 1, 2029 you must clearly identify any deviation from the requirements of this subpart. Beginning on April 1, 2029, for each deviation, you must report the start date, start time, duration in hours, cause, a list of the affected sources or equipment, an estimate of the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over any emission limit, a description of the method used to estimate the emissions, actions taken to minimize emissions, and any corrective action taken to return the affected unit to its normal or usual manner of operation.
(2) Delay of repair for a large heat exchange system. Except as specified in paragraph (d)(11) of this section, you must include the information specified in § 63.104(f)(2) each time you invoke the delay of repair provisions for a heat exchange system with a cooling water flow rate equal to or greater than 8,000 gal/min.
(3) Delay of leak repair. You must provide the following information for each delay of leak repair beyond 15 days for any process equipment, storage tank, surge control vessel, bottoms receiver, and each delay of leak repair beyond 45 days for any heat exchange system with a cooling water flow rate less than 8,000 gal/min: information on the date the leak was identified, the reason for the delay in repair, and the date the leak was repaired.
(4) Process change. You must report each process change that affects a compliance determination and submit a new certification of compliance with the applicable requirements in accordance with the procedures specified in paragraph (b) of this section.
(5) Data for the alternative standard. If you comply with the alternative standard, as specified in table 2 or 3 to this subpart, report the information required in § 63.1258(b)(5).
(6) Overlapping rule requirements. Report any changes in the overlapping provisions with which you comply.
(7) Reactive and resinous materials. Report any transfer of liquids that are reactive or resinous materials, as defined in § 63.11502(b), and not included in the NOCS.
(8) Malfunctions. If a malfunction occurred during the reporting period, the report must include the number of instances of malfunctions that caused emissions in excess of a standard. For each malfunction that caused emissions in excess of a standard, the report must include a list of the affected sources or equipment, an estimate of the volume of each regulated pollutant emitted over the standard, and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions. The report must also include a description of actions you took during a malfunction of an affected source to minimize emissions in accordance with § 63.11495(d), including actions taken to correct a malfunction. On and after April 1, 2029, malfunctions are reported as deviations under paragraph (d)(1) of this section and this paragraph (d)(8) no longer applies.
(9) Equipment leaks. For each CMPU complying with the provisions of § 63.11495(a)(6), report the information listed in paragraphs (d)(9)(i) through (vi) of this section.
(i) The number of components for which leaks were detected, the total number of components monitored, and the number of components for which leaks were not repaired, identifying the number of those that are determined nonrepairable, and totaled by component type.
(ii) The facts that explain any delay of repairs and, where appropriate, why a CMPU shutdown was technically infeasible.
(iii) For pressure relief devices subject to the requirements in § 63.11495(a)(6)(iv) include the information specified in paragraphs (d)(9)(iii)(A) through (C) of this section.
(A) For pressure relief devices in organic HAP gas or vapor service, pursuant to § 63.165(e)(1), report the instrument readings and dates for all readings of 500 ppm or greater.
(B) For pressure relief devices in organic HAP gas or vapor service, pursuant to § 63.165(e)(2), report the instrument readings and dates of instrument reading conducted.
(C) For pressure relief devices in organic HAP service subject to § 63.165(e)(3), report each pressure release to the atmosphere, including pressure relief device identification name or number, the start date, start time, and duration (in minutes) of the pressure release; an estimate of the mass quantity in pounds of each organic HAP released; the results of any root cause analysis and corrective action analysis completed during the reporting period, including the corrective actions implemented during the reporting period; and, if applicable, the implementation schedule for planned corrective actions to be implemented subsequent to the reporting period.
(iv) For bypass lines subject to the requirements in § 63.172(j) as specified in § 63.11495(a)(6)(ix), include the start date, start time, duration in hours, estimate of the volume of gas in standard cubic feet, the concentration of organic HAP in the gas in parts per million by volume and the resulting mass emissions of organic HAP in pounds that bypass a control device. For periods when the flow indicator is not operating, report the start date, start time, and duration in hours.
(v) If applicable, the compliance option selected under § 63.172(n) as specified in § 63.11495(a)(6)(ix).
(vi) If you elect to meet the requirements in § 63.178(b) as specified in § 63.11495(a)(6)(xi), include the information listed in paragraphs (d)(9)(vi)(A) through (E) of this section.
(A) Batch product process equipment train identification;
(B) The number of pressure tests conducted;
(C) The number of pressure tests where the equipment train failed the pressure test;
(D) The facts that explain any delay of repairs; and
(E) The results of all monitoring to determine compliance with § 63.172(f).
(10) Bypass lines. For bypass lines subject to the requirements § 63.11495(e), report the start date, start time, duration in hours, estimate of the volume of gas in standard cubic feet, the concentration of organic HAP in the gas in ppmv and the resulting mass emissions of organic HAP in pounds that bypass a control device. For periods when the flow indicator is not operating, report the start date, start time, and duration in hours.
(11) Heat exchange systems. If you are subject to the requirements specified in item 1.c of table 8 to this subpart (for heat exchange systems with a cooling water flow rate greater than or equal to 8,000 gal/min), then you must submit the information specified in § 63.104(f)(2)(vi) instead of the heat exchange system information specified in paragraphs (d)(2) and (3) of this section.
(12) Pressure vessels. If you are subject to the requirements specified in § 63.11497(e) and obtain an instrument reading greater than 500 ppmv when monitoring a pressure vessel in accordance with § 63.11497(e)(2), report an identification of the pressure vessel and a copy of the records specified in paragraph (c)(4)(vii)(B) of this section.
[74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 75758, Dec. 21, 2012; 91 FR 16528, Apr. 1, 2026]
(a) The following terms used in this subpart have the meaning given them in the CAA, and in subparts A, F, SS, WW, and FFFF of this part, as specified after each term:
| Term | 40 CFR |
|---|---|
| Administrator | 63.2 |
| Area Source | 63.2 |
| Article | 372.3 |
| Batch operation | 63.2550 |
| Boiler | 63.101 |
| Bottoms receiver | 63.2550 |
| CAA | 63.2 |
| Closed vent system | 63.981 |
| Combustion device | 63.101 |
| Commenced | 63.2 |
| Compliance date | 63.2 |
| Continuous monitoring system | 63.2 |
| Continuous operation | 63.2550 |
| Control device | 63.101 |
| Distillation unit | 63.101 |
| Emission standard | 63.2 |
| EPA | 63.2 |
| Fill or filling | 63.101 |
| Floating roof | 63.1061 |
| Fuel gas system | 63.981 |
| Halogen atoms | 63.2550 |
| Halogenated vent stream | 63.2550 |
| Hydrogen halide and halogen HAP | 63.2550 |
| Hazardous air pollutant | 63.2 |
| Heat exchange system | 63.101 |
| Incinerator | 63.101 |
| In gas/vapor service | 63.101 |
| In heavy liquid service | 63.101 |
| In light liquid service | 63.101 |
| In liquid service | 63.101 |
| Isolated intermediate | 63.2550 |
| Maintenance wastewater | 63.2550 |
| Major source | 63.2 |
| Maximum true vapor pressure | 63.101 |
| Oil-water separator or organic-water separator | 63.101 |
| Operating permit | 63.101 |
| Owner or operator | 63.2 |
| Performance test | 63.2 |
| Pressure release | 63.101 |
| Pressure relief device or valve | 63.101 |
| Pressure vessel | 63.101 |
| Process condenser | 63.2550 |
| Process heater | 63.101 |
| Process tank | 63.2550 |
| Process wastewater | 63.101 |
| Reactor | 63.101 |
| Responsible official | 63.2 |
| State | 63.2 |
| Supplemental gases | 63.2550 |
| Surge control vessel | 63.2550 |
| Test method | 63.2 |
| Unit operation | 63.101 |
(b) All other terms used in this subpart shall have the meaning given them in this section. If a term is defined in the CAA, or in subpart A, F, SS, WW, or FFFF of this part, and in this section, the term has the meaning given in this section for purposes of this subpart.
Ancillary activities means boilers, incinerators, and process heaters not used to comply with the emission standards in §§ 63.11495 through 63.11500, chillers and other refrigeration systems, and other equipment and activities that are not directly involved (i.e., they operate within a closed system and materials are not combined with process fluids) in the processing of raw materials or the manufacturing of a product or intermediates used in the production of the product.
Batch process vent means a vent from a CMPU or vents from multiple CMPUs within a process that are manifolded together into a common header, through which a HAP-containing gas stream is, or has the potential to be, released to the atmosphere. Batch process vents include vents from batch operations and vents with intermittent flow from continuous operations that are not combined with any stream that originated as a continuous gas stream from the same continuousprocess. Examples of batch process vents include, but are not limited to, vents on condensers used for product recovery, reactors, filters, centrifuges, and process tanks. The following are not batch process vents for the purposes of this subpart:
(1) Continuous process vents;
(2) Bottoms receivers;
(3) Surge control vessels;
(4) Gaseous streams routed to a fuel gas system(s);
(5) A gas stream routed to other processes for reaction or other use in another process (i.e., for chemical value as a product, isolated intermediate, byproduct, or coproduct, or for heat value).
(6) Vents on storage tanks or wastewater systems;
(7) Drums, pails, and totes; and
(8) Emission streams from emission episodes that are undiluted and uncontrolled containing less than 50 ppmv HAP are not part of any batch process vent. The HAP concentration may be determined using any of the following: process knowledge, an engineering assessment, or test data.
Byproduct means a chemical (liquid, gas, or solid) that is produced coincidentally during the production of the product.
Chemical manufacturing process means all equipment which collectively functions to produce a product or isolated intermediate. A process includes, but is not limited to any, all, or a combination of reaction, recovery, separation, purification, or other activity, operation, manufacture, or treatment which are used to produce a product or isolated intermediate. A process is also defined by the following:
(1) All cleaning operations;
(2) Each nondedicated solvent recovery operation is considered a single process;
(3) Each nondedicated formulation operation is considered a single process;
(4) Quality assurance/quality control laboratories are not considered part of any process;
(5) Ancillary activities are not considered a process or part of any process; and
(6) The end of a process that produces a solid material is either up to and including the dryer or extruder, or for a polymer production process without a dryer or extruder, it is up to and including the die plate or solid-state reactor, except in two cases. If the dryer, extruder, die plate, or solid-state reactor is followed by an operation that is designed and operated to remove HAP solvent or residual monomer from the solid, then the solvent removal operation is the last step in the process. If the dried solid is diluted or mixed with a HAP-based solvent, then the solvent removal operation is the last step in the process.
Continuous process vent means a “process vent” as defined in § 63.101 except:
(i) The reference in § 63.107(e) to a chemical manufacturing process unit that meets the criteria of § 63.100(b) means a CMPU that meets the criteria of § 63.11494(a) and (b);
(ii) The reference in § 63.107(h)(2) to subpart H means § 63.11495(a)(3) through (6) for the purposes of this subpart;
(iii) The reference in § 63.107(h)(4) to § 63.113 means tables 2 and 3 to this subpart;
(iv) The reference in § 63.107(h)(7) to § 63.119 means Table 5 to this subpart, and the reference to § 63.126 does not apply for the purposes of this subpart;
(v) The second sentence in the definition of “process vent” in § 63.101 does not apply for the purposes of this subpart;
(vi) The references to an “air oxidation reactor, distillation unit, or reactor” in § 63.107 means any continuous operation for the purposes of this subpart;
(vii) Section § 63.107(h)(8) does not apply for the purposes of this subpart; and
(viii) A separate determination is required for the emissions from each CMPU, even if emission streams from two or more CMPU are combined prior to discharge to the atmosphere or to a control device.
(ix) On and after April 1, 2029, § 63.107(h)(9) no longer applies.
(x) On and after April 1, 2028, § 63.107(i) no longer applies. Instead, a process vent is the point of discharge to the atmosphere (or the point of entry into a control device, if any) of a gas stream if the gas stream would meet the characteristics specified in § 63.107(b) through (g), but, for purposes of avoiding applicability, has been deliberately interrupted, temporarily liquefied, routed through any item of equipment for no process purpose, or disposed of in a control device that does not meet the criteria in table 3 of this subpart.
Co-Product means a chemical that is produced during the production of another chemical, both for their intended production.
Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a source fails to meet any requirement or obligation established by this subpart, including, but not limited to any emissions limitation or management practice; or fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit.
Engineering assessment means, but is not limited to, the following:
(1) Previous test results provided the tests are representative of current operating practices at the process unit.
(2) Bench-scale or pilot-scale test data representative of the process under representative operating conditions.
(3) Maximum flow rate, TOC emission rate, organic HAP emission rate, metal HAP emission rate, or net heating value limit specified or implied within a permit limit applicable to the process vent.
(4) Design analysis based on accepted chemical engineering principles, measurable process parameters, or physical or chemical laws or properties. Examples of analytical methods include, but are not limited to:
(i) Use of material balances based on process stoichiometry to estimate maximum organic HAP or metal HAP concentrations;
(ii) Estimation of maximum flow rate based on physical equipment design such as pump or blower capacities;
(iii) Estimation of TOC, organic HAP, or metal HAP concentrations based on saturation conditions; or
(iv) Estimation of maximum expected net heating value based on the vent stream concentration of each organic compound or, alternatively, as if all TOC in the vent stream were the compound with the highest heating value.
(5) All data, assumptions, and procedures used in the engineering assessment shall be documented.
Equipment means each pump, compressor, agitator, pressure relief device, sampling connection system, open-ended valve or line, valve, connector, and instrumentation system in or associated with a CMPU.
Family of materials means a grouping of materials that have the same basic composition or the same basic end use or functionality; are produced using the same basic feedstocks, the same manufacturing equipment configuration and in the same sequence of steps; and whose production results in emissions of the same Table 1 HAP at approximately the same rate per pound of product produced. Examples of families of materials include multiple grades of same product or different variations of a product (e.g., blue, black and red resins).
Feedstock means any raw material, reactant, solvent, additive, or other material introduced to a CMPU.
Hazardous waste treatment, as used in the wastewater requirements, means treatment in any of the following units:
(1) A hazardous waste incinerator for which you have been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 and comply with the requirements of 40 CFR part 264, subpart O, for which you have certified compliance with the interim status requirements of 40 CFR part 265, subpart O, or for which you have submitted a Notification of Compliance under 40 CFR 63.1207(j) and comply with the requirements of 40 CFR part 63, subpart EEE at all times (including times when non-hazardous waste is being burned);
(2) A process heater or boiler for which you have been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 and comply with the requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H, for which you have certified compliance with the interim status requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H, or for which you have submitted a Notification of Compliance under 40 CFR 63.1207(j) and comply with the requirements of 40 CFR part 63, subpart EEE at all times (including times when non-hazardous waste is being burned); or
(3) An underground injection well for which you have been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 or 40 CFR part 144 and comply with the requirements of 40 CFR part 122.
Inaccessible connector means a connector that is:
(i) Buried;
(ii) Insulated in a manner that prevents access to the connector by a monitor probe;
(iii) Obstructed by equipment or piping that prevents access to the connector by a monitor probe;
(iv) Unable to be reached from a wheeled scissor-lift or hydraulic-type scaffold which would allow access to connectors up to 7.6 meters (25 feet) above the ground;
(v) Inaccessible because it would require elevating the monitoring personnel more than 2 meters above a permanent support surface or would require the erection of scaffold; or
(vi) Not able to be accessed at any time in a safe manner to perform monitoring. Unsafe access includes, but is not limited to, the use of a wheeled scissor-lift on unstable or uneven terrain, the use of a motorized man-lift basket in areas where an ignition potential exists, or access would require near proximity to hazards such as electrical lines, or would risk damage to equipment.
In metal HAP service means that a process vessel or piece of equipment either contains or contacts a feedstock, byproduct, or product that contains metal HAP. A process vessel is no longer in metal HAP service after the vessel has been emptied to the extent practicable (i.e., a vessel with liquid left on process vessel walls or as bottom clingage, but not in pools, due to floor irregularity, is considered completely empty) and any cleaning has been completed.
In organic HAP service means, before April 1, 2029, that a process vessel or piece of equipment either contains or contacts a feedstock, byproduct, or product that contains an organic HAP, excluding any organic HAP used in manual cleaning activities. A process vessel is no longer in organic HAP service after the vessel has been emptied to the extent practicable (i.e., a vessel with liquid left on process vessel walls or as bottom clingage, but not in pools, due to floor irregularity, is considered completely empty) and any cleaning has been completed. On and after April 1, 2029, In organic HAP service, for a process vessel, means either contains or contacts a feedstock, byproduct, or product that contains an organic HAP, excluding any organic HAP used in manual cleaning activities. A process vessel is no longer in organic HAP service after the vessel has been emptied to the extent practicable (i.e., a vessel with liquid left on process vessel walls or as bottom clingage, but not in pools, due to floor irregularity, is considered completely empty) and any cleaning has been completed. On and after April 1, 2029, In organic HAP service, for equipment and heat exchange systems, means that a piece of equipment or heat exchange system either contains or contacts a fluid (liquid or gas) that is at least 5 percent by weight of total organic HAPs as determined according to the provisions of § 63.180(d). The provisions of § 63.180(d) also specify how to determine that a piece of equipment is not in organic HAP service. For purposes of the definition of “heat exchange system” in § 63.101(b), the term “equipment” in § 63.180(d) includes heat exchange systems.
In VOC service means that a process vessel or piece of equipment either contains or contacts a fluid that contains VOC.
Metal HAP means the compounds containing metals listed as HAP in section 112(b) of the CAA.
Metal HAP process vent means, before April 1, 2029, the point of discharge to the atmosphere (or inlet to a control device, if any) of a metal HAP-containing gas stream from any CMPU at an affected source containing at least 50 ppmv metal HAP. The metal HAP concentration may be determined using any of the following: process knowledge, an engineering assessment, or test data. On and after April 1, 2029, Metal HAP process vent means the point of discharge to the atmosphere (or inlet to a control device, if any) of a metal HAP-containing gas stream from any CMPU at an affected source containing metal HAP. The metal HAP concentration may be determined using any of the following: process knowledge, an engineering assessment, or test data.
Organic HAP means any organic HAP listed in section 112(b) of the CAA. For the purposes of requirements in this subpart VVVVVV, hydrazine is to be considered an organic HAP.
Point of determination means “point of determination” as defined in § 63.101, except:
(i) The reference to table 8 or 9 compounds means table 9 to subpart G of this part or table 7 to this subpart compounds;
(ii) The reference to “as determined in § 63.144” does not apply for the purposes of this subpart; and
(iii) The point of determination is made at the point where the stream exits the CMPU. If a recovery device is used, the point of determination is after the last recovery device.
Process vessel means each vessel, except hand-held containers, used in the processing of raw materials to chemical products. Examples include, but are not limited to centrifuges, mixing vessels, and process tanks.
Product means a compound or chemical which is manufactured as the intended product of the CMPU. Products include co-products. By-products, impurities, wastes, and trace contaminants are not considered products.
Reactive material means energetics, organic peroxides, and unstable chemicals such as chemicals that react violently with water and chemicals that vigorously polymerize, decompose, or become self-reactive under conditions of pressure or temperature.
Recovery device means an individual unit of equipment capable of and normally used for the purpose of recovering organic chemicals or metal-containing chemicals for fuel value (i.e., net positive heating value), use, reuse, or for sale for fuel value, use, or reuse. Examples of equipment that may be recovery devices include absorbers, carbon adsorbers, condensers, oil-water separators or organic-water separators, or organic removal devices such as decanters, strippers, or thin-film evaporation units.
Resinous material means a viscous, high-boiling point material resembling pitch or tar, such as plastic resin, that sticks to or hardens in the fill pipe under normal transfer conditions.
Shutdown, for a unit operation with a continuous process vent, means the cessation of the unit operation for any purpose. Shutdown begins with the initiation of steps as described in a written standard operating procedures (SOP) or shutdown plan to cease normal/stable operation (e.g., reducing or immediately stopping feed).
Startup, for a unit operation with a continuous process vent, means the setting in operation of the unit for any purpose. The period of startup ends upon completion of the transient, non-equilibrium step at the time operating conditions reach steady state for operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, composition, feed rate, and production rate. Periods of startup described by SOP manuals at the affected source may be used to determine the period of startup.
Storage tank means a tank or other vessel that is used to store liquids that contain organic HAP and that are part of a CMPU subject to this subpart VVVVVV. The following are not considered storage tanks for the purposes of this subpart:
(i) Vessels permanently attached to motor vehicles such as trucks, railcars, barges, or ships;
(ii) [Reserved]
(iii) Process tanks;
(iv) Tanks storing organic liquids containing HAP only as impurities;
(v) Surge control vessels;
(vi) Bottoms receivers; and
(vii) Wastewater storage tanks.
Transfer operations means all product loading into tank trucks and rail cars of liquid containing organic HAP from a transfer rack. Transfer operations do not include the loading to other types of containers such as cans, drums, and totes.
Transfer rack means the system used to load organic liquids into tank trucks and railcars at a single geographic site. It includes all loading arms, pumps, meters, shutoff valves, relief valves, and other piping and equipment necessary for the transfer operation. Transfer equipment that are physically separate (i.e., do not share common piping, valves, and other equipment) are considered to be separate transfer racks.
Uncontrolled emissions means organic HAP process vent emissions or metal HAP process vent emissions, as applicable, at the outlet of the last recovery device, if any, and prior to any control device. In the absence of both recovery devices and control devices, uncontrolled emissions are the emissions discharged to the atmosphere.
Wastewater means water that is discarded from a CMPU or control device and that contains at least 5 ppmw of any HAP listed in table 9 to subpart G of this part and has an annual average flow rate of 0.02 liters per minute. Wastewater means both process wastewater and maintenance wastewater that is discarded from a CMPU or control device. The following are not considered wastewater for the purposes of this subpart:
(i) Stormwater from segregated sewers;
(ii) Water from fire-fighting and deluge systems, including testing of such systems;
(iii) Spills;
(iv) Water from safety showers;
(v) Samples of a size not greater than reasonably necessary for the method of analysis that is used;
(vi) Equipment leaks;
(vii) Wastewater drips from procedures such as disconnecting hoses after cleaning lines; and
(viii) Noncontact cooling water.
Wastewater stream means a single point discharge of wastewater from a CMPU or control device.
Wastewater treatment means chemical, biological, and mechanical procedures applied to wastewater to remove or reduce HAP or other chemical constituents.
[74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 75759, Dec. 21, 2012; 91 FR 16532, Apr. 1, 2026]
(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the U.S. EPA or a delegated authority such as a State, local, or tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has delegated authority to a State, local, or tribal agency pursuant to 40 CFR part 63, subpart E, then that Agency has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. You should contact your U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is delegated to a State, local, or tribal agency within your State.
(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this subpart to a State, local, or Tribal agency under subpart E of this part, the approval authorities contained in paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section are retained by the Administrator of the U.S. EPA and are not transferred to the state, local, or Tribal agency.
(1) Approval of an alternative non-opacity emissions standard under § 63.6(g).
(2) Approval of a major change to a test method. A “major change to test method” is defined in § 63.90.
(3) Approval of a major change to monitoring under § 63.8(f). A “major change to monitoring” is defined in § 63.90.
(4) Approval of a major change to recordkeeping/reporting under § 63.10(f). A “major change to recordkeeping/reporting” is defined in § 63.90.
(5) Approval of an alternative to any electronic reporting to the EPA required by this subpart.
[74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, as amended at 91 FR 16533, Apr. 1, 2026]
As required in § 63.11494(a), chemical manufacturing operations that process, use, or produce the HAP shown in the following table are subject to subpart VVVVVV.
| Type of HAP | Chemical name | CAS No. |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Organic compounds | a. 1,3-butadiene | 106990 |
| b. 1,3-dichloropropene | 542756 | |
| c. Acetaldehyde | 75070 | |
| d. Chloroform | 67663 | |
| e. Ethylene dichloride | 107062 | |
| f. Hexachlorobenzene | 118741 | |
| g. Methylene chloride | 75092 | |
| h. Quinoline | 91225 | |
| 2. Metal compounds | a. Arsenic compounds | |
| b. Cadmium compounds | ||
| c. Chromium compounds | ||
| d. Lead compounds | ||
| e. Manganese compounds | ||
| f. Nickel compounds | ||
| 3. Others | a. Hydrazine | 302012 |
As required in § 63.11496, you must comply with the requirements for batch process vents as shown in the following table.
| For * * * | You must * * * | Except * * * |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Batch process vents in a CMPU at an existing source for which the total organic HAP emissions are equal to or greater than 10,000 lb/yr | a. Reduce collective uncontrolled total organic HAP emissions from the sum of all batch process vents by ≥85 percent by weight or to ≤20 ppmv by routing emissions from a sufficient number of the batch process vents through a closed vent system to any combination of control devices (except a flare) in accordance with the requirements of § 63.982(c) and the requirements referenced therein; or | i. Compliance may be based on either total organic HAP or total organic carbon (TOC); and ii. As specified in § 63.11496(g). |
| b. Route emissions from batch process vents containing at least 85 percent of the uncontrolled total organic HAP through a closed-vent system to a flare (except that a flare may not be used to control halogenated vent streams) in accordance with the requirements of § 63.982(b) and the requirements referenced therein; or | i. Not applicable. | |
| c. Comply with the alternative standard specified in § 63.2505 and the requirements referenced therein; or | i. As specified in § 63.11496(e) of this subpart. | |
| d. Comply with combinations of the requirements in Items a., b., and c. of this Table for different groups of batch process vents | i. The information specified above for Items a., b., and c., as applicable. | |
| 2. Batch process vents in a CMPU at a new source for which the total organic HAP emissions are equal to or greater than 10,000 lb/yr | a. Comply with any of the emission limits in Items 1.a through 1.d of this Table, except 90 percent reduction applies instead of 85 percent reduction in Item 1.a, and 90 percent of the emissions must be routed to a flare instead of 85 percent in Item 1.b | i. The information specified above for Items 1.a., 1.b., 1.c., and 1.d, as applicable. |
| 3. Halogenated batch process vent stream at a new or existing source that is controlled through combustion | a. Comply with the requirements for halogen scrubbers in § 63.11496(d). |
| For . . . | You must . . . | Except . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Each continuous process vent with a TRE ≤1.0 | a. Reduce emissions of total organic HAP by ≥95 percent by weight (≥85 percent by weight for periods of startup or shutdown) or to ≤20 ppmv by routing emissions through a closed vent system to any combination of control devices (except a flare) in accordance with the requirements of § 63.982(c) and the requirements referenced therein; or | i. Compliance may be based on either total organic HAP or TOC; and
ii. As specified in § 63.11496(g). |
| b. Reduce emissions of total organic HAP by routing all emissions through a closed-vent system to a flare (except that a flare may not be used to control halogenated vent streams) in accordance with the requirements of § 63.982(b) and the requirements referenced therein, or | i. Not applicable. | |
| c. Comply with the alternative standard specified in § 63.2505 and the requirements referenced therein | i. As specified in § 63.11496(e). | |
| 2. Halogenated vent stream that is controlled through combustion | a. Comply with the requirements for halogen scrubbers in § 63.11496(d). | |
| 3. Each continuous process vent with a TRE >1.0 but ≤4.0 | a. Comply with the requirements of § 63.982(e) and the requirements specified therein if a recovery device, as defined in § 63.11502, is used to maintain a TRE >1.0 but ≤4.0. |
[77 FR 75760, Dec. 21, 2012, as amended at 91 FR 16534, Apr. 1, 2026]
As required in § 63.11496(f), you must comply with the requirements for metal HAP process vents as shown in the following table.
| For * * * | You must * * * | Except * * * |
|---|---|---|
| Each CMPU with total metal HAP emissions ≥400 lb/yr | Reduce collective uncontrolled emissions of total metal HAP emissions by ≥95 percent by weight by routing emissions from a sufficient number of the metal HAP process vents through a closed vent system to any combination of control devices, according to the requirements of § 63.11496(f)(3), (4), or (5) | Not applicable. |
[91 FR 16534, Apr. 1, 2026]
As required in § 63.11497, you must comply with the requirements for storage tanks as shown in the following table.
| For each * * * | You must * * * | Except * * * |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Storage tank with a design capacity ≥40,000 gallons, storing liquid that contains organic HAP listed in table 1 to this subpart, and for which the maximum true vapor pressure (MTVP) of total organic HAP at the storage temperature is ≥5.2 kPa and <76.6 kPa | a. Comply with the requirements of subpart WW of this part; | i. All required seals must be installed by the compliance date in § 63.11494. |
| b. Reduce total organic HAP emissions by ≥95 percent by weight by operating and maintaining a closed-vent system and control device (other than a flare) in accordance with § 63.982(c); or | i. Compliance may be based on either total organic HAP or TOC;
ii. When the term storage vessel is used in subpart SS of this part, the term storage tank, surge control vessel, or bottoms receiver, as defined in § 63.11502 of this subpart, applies; and iii. The requirements do not apply during periods of planned routine maintenance of the control device, as specified in § 63.11497(b). |
|
| c. Reduce total HAP emissions by operating and maintaining a closed-vent system and a flare in accordance with § 63.982(b); or | i. The requirements do not apply during periods of planned routine maintenance of the flare, as specified in § 63.11497(b); and
ii. When the term storage vessel is used in subpart SS of this part, it means storage tank, surge control vessel, or bottoms receiver, as defined in § 63.11502 of this subpart. |
|
| d. Vapor balance in accordance with § 63.2470(e); or | i. To comply with § 63.1253(f)(6)(i), the owner or operator of an offsite cleaning or reloading facility must comply with § 63.11494 through § 63.11502 instead of complying with § 63.1253(f)(7)(ii), except as specified in item 1.d.ii and 1.d.iii of this table.
ii. The reporting requirements in § 63.11501 do not apply to the owner or operator of the offsite cleaning or reloading facility. iii. As an alternative to complying with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting provisions in §§ 63.11494 through 63.11502, the owner or operator of an offsite cleaning or reloading facility may comply as specified in § 63.11500 with any other subpart of this part which has monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting provisions as specified in § 63.11500. |
|
| e. Route emissions to a fuel gas system or process in accordance with the requirements in § 63.982(d) and the requirements referenced therein | i. When the term storage vessel is used in subpart SS of this part, it means storage tank, surge control vessel, or bottoms receiver, as defined in § 63.11502. | |
| 2. Storage tank with a design capacity ≥20,000 gallons and <40,000 gallons, storing liquid that contains organic HAP listed in Table 1 to this subpart, and for which the MTVP of total organic HAP at the storage temperature is ≥27.6 kPa and <76.6 kPa | a. Comply with one of the options in Item 1 of this table | i. The information specified above for Items 1.a., 1.b., 1.c., 1.d, and 1.e, as applicable. |
| 3. Storage tank with a design capacity ≥20,000 gallons, storing liquid that contains organic HAP listed in Table 1 to this subpart, and for which the MTVP of total organic HAP at the storage temperature is ≥76.6 kPa | a. Comply with option b, c, d, or e in Item 1 of this table | i. The information specified above for Items 1.b., 1.c., 1.d, and 1.e, as applicable. |
| 4. Storage tank described by Item 1, 2, or 3 in this table and emitting a halogenated vent stream that is controlled with a combustion device | a. Reduce emissions of hydrogen halide and halogen HAP by ≥95 percent by weight, or to ≤0.45 kg/hr, or to ≤20 ppmv by using a halogen reduction device after the combustion device according to the requirements in § 63.11496(d); or | |
| b. Reduce the halogen atom mass emission rate to ≤0.45 kg/hr or to ≤20 ppmv by using a halogen reduction device before the combustion device according to the requirements in § 63.11496(d). | ||
| 5. Pressure vessel with a design capacity greater than or equal to 20,000 gallons | a. Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i), comply with the requirements specified in § 63.11497(e) |
[74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 75760, Dec. 21, 2012; 91 FR 16534, Apr. 1, 2026]
| For each . . . | You must . . . | And you must . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Wastewater stream | a. Discharge to onsite or offsite wastewater treatment or hazardous waste treatment | i. Maintain records identifying each wastewater stream and documenting the type of treatment that it receives. Multiple wastewater streams with similar characteristics and from the same type of activity in a CMPU may be grouped together for recordkeeping purposes. |
| 2. Wastewater stream containing partially soluble HAP at a concentration ≥10,000 ppmw and separate organic and water phases | a. Use a decanter, steam stripper, thin film evaporator, or distillation unit to separate the water phase from the organic phase(s); or |
i. For the water phase, comply with the requirements in Item 1 of this table, and ii. For the organic phase(s), recycle to a process, use as fuel, or dispose as hazardous waste either onsite or offsite, and iii. Keep records of the wastewater streams subject to this requirement and the disposition of the organic phase(s). |
| b. Hard pipe the entire wastewater stream to onsite treatment as a hazardous waste, or hard pipe the entire wastewater stream to a point of transfer to onsite or offsite hazardous waste treatment. | i. Keep records of the wastewater streams subject to this requirement and the disposition of the wastewater streams. |
[77 FR 75761, Dec. 21, 2012]
As required in § 63.11498(a), you must comply with emission limits for wastewater streams that contain the partially soluble HAP listed in the following table.
| Partially soluble HAP name | CAS No. |
|---|---|
| 1. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) | 71556 |
| 2. 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane | 79345 |
| 3. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane | 79005 |
| 4. 1,1-Dichloroethylene (vinylidene chloride) | 75354 |
| 5. 1,2-Dibromoethane | 106934 |
| 6. 1,2-Dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride) | 107062 |
| 7. 1,2-Dichloropropane | 78875 |
| 8. 1,3-Dichloropropene | 542756 |
| 9. 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol | 95954 |
| 10. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene | 106467 |
| 11. 2-Nitropropane | 79469 |
| 12. 4-Methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK) | 108101 |
| 13. Acetaldehyde | 75070 |
| 14. Acrolein | 107028 |
| 15. Acrylonitrile | 107131 |
| 16. Allyl chloride | 107051 |
| 17. Benzene | 71432 |
| 18. Benzyl chloride | 100447 |
| 19. Biphenyl | 92524 |
| 20. Bromoform (tribromomethane) | 75252 |
| 21. Bromomethane | 74839 |
| 22. Butadiene | 106990 |
| 23. Carbon disulfide | 75150 |
| 24. Chlorobenzene | 108907 |
| 25. Chloroethane (ethyl chloride) | 75003 |
| 26. Chloroform | 67663 |
| 27. Chloromethane | 74873 |
| 28. Chloroprene | 126998 |
| 29. Cumene | 98828 |
| 30. Dichloroethyl ether | 111444 |
| 31. Dinitrophenol | 51285 |
| 32. Epichlorohydrin | 106898 |
| 33. Ethyl acrylate | 140885 |
| 34. Ethylbenzene | 100414 |
| 35. Ethylene oxide | 75218 |
| 36. Ethylidene dichloride | 75343 |
| 37. Hexachlorobenzene | 118741 |
| 38. Hexachlorobutadiene | 87683 |
| 39. Hexachloroethane | 67721 |
| 40. Methyl methacrylate | 80626 |
| 41. Methyl-t-butyl ether | 1634044 |
| 42. Methylene chloride | 75092 |
| 43. N-hexane | 110543 |
| 44. N,N-dimethylaniline | 121697 |
| 45. Naphthalene | 91203 |
| 46. Phosgene | 75445 |
| 47. Propionaldehyde | 123386 |
| 48. Propylene oxide | 75569 |
| 49. Styrene | 100425 |
| 50. Tetrachloroethylene (per- chloroethylene) | 127184 |
| 51. Tetrachloromethane (carbon tetrachloride) | 56235 |
| 52. Toluene | 108883 |
| 53. Trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-) | 120821 |
| 54. Trichloroethylene | 79016 |
| 55. Trimethylpentane | 540841 |
| 56. Vinyl acetate | 108054 |
| 57. Vinyl chloride | 75014 |
| 58. Xylene (m) | 108383 |
| 59. Xylene (o) | 95476 |
| 60. Xylene (p) | 106423 |
| For . . . | You must . . . | Except . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Each heat exchange system with a cooling water flow rate ≥8,000 gal/min and not meeting one or more of the conditions in § 63.104(a)(1) through (4) | a. Except as specified in item 1.c of this table, comply with the monitoring requirements in § 63.104(c), the leak repair requirements in § 63.104(d) and (e), and the recordkeeping and reporting requirements in § 63.104(f); or | i. The reference to monthly monitoring for the first 6 months in § 63.104(b)(1) and (c)(1)(iii) does not apply. Monitoring shall be no less frequent than quarterly;
ii. The reference in § 63.104(f)(1) to record retention requirements in § 63.103(c)(1) does not apply. Records must be retained as specified in §§ 63.10(b)(1) and 63.11501(c); and iii. The reference in § 63.104(f)(2) to “the next semi-annual periodic report required by § 63.152(c)” means the next semiannual compliance report required by § 63.11501(d). |
| b. Except as specified in item 1.c of this table, comply with the heat exchange system requirements in § 63.104(b) and the requirements referenced therein | i. Not applicable. | |
| c. Beginning no later than the compliance dates specified in § 63.11494(i), the exemption conditions specified in § 63.104(a)(3) and (4), and items 1.a and 1.b of this table no longer apply. Instead, comply with the requirements in § 63.104(f) through (j) and (l) | i. As specified in § 63.11499(d). |
[91 FR 16535, Apr. 1, 2026]
As required in § 63.11501(a), you must comply with the requirements of the NESHAP General Provisions (40 CFR part 63, subpart A) as shown in the following table.
| Citation | Subject | Applies to this subpart? | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 63.1(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(4), (a)(6), (a)(10)-(a)(12) (b)(1), (b)(3), (c)(1), (c)(2), (c)(5), (e) | Applicability | Yes | |
| 63.1(a)(5), (a)(7)-(a)(9), (b)(2), (c)(3), (c)(4), (d) | Reserved | No | |
| 63.2 | Definitions | Yes | |
| 63.3 | Units and Abbreviations | Yes | |
| 63.4 | Prohibited Activities and Circumvention | Yes | |
| 63.5 | Preconstruction Review and Notification Requirements | Yes | |
| 63.6(a), (b)(1)-(b)(5), (b)(7), (c)(1), (c)(2), (c)(5), (e)(1)(iii), (g), (i), (j) | Compliance with Standards and Maintenance Requirements | Yes | |
| 63.6(b)(6), (c)(3), (c)(4), (d), (e)(2) | Reserved | No | |
| 63.6(e)(1)(i) and (ii), (e)(3), and (f)(1) | SSM Requirements | No | See § 63.11495(d) for general duty requirement. The standards in this subpart apply at all times. |
| 63.6(f) | Compliance with Nonopacity Emission Standards | Yes | |
| 63.6(h) | Compliance with Opacity and Visible Emission Standards | No | This subpart does not include opacity or visible emissions (VE) standards or require a continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS). |
| 63.7(a)(1), (a)(3), (a)(4), (c), (e)(4), and (f)-(h) | Performance Testing Requirements | Yes | Except this subpart specifies how and when the performance test results are reported. |
| 63.7(a)(2), (b), (d), (e)(2)-(e)(3) | Performance Testing Schedule, Notification of Performance Test, Performance Testing Facilities, and Conduct of Performance Tests | Yes/No | Requirements apply if conducting test for metal HAP control; requirements in §§ 63.997(c)(1), (d), (e), and 63.999(a)(1) apply, as referenced in § 63.11496(g), if conducting test for organic HAP or hydrogen halide and halogen HAP control device. |
| 63.7(e)(1) | Performance Testing | No | See § 63.11496(f)(3)(ii) if conducting a test for metal HAP emissions. See §§ 63.11496(g) and 63.997(e)(1) if conducting a test for continuous process vents or for hydrogen halide and halogen emissions. See §§ 63.11496(g) and 63.2460(c) if conducting a test for batch process vents. |
| 63.8(a)(1), (b), (c)(1)(ii), (c)(2)-(c)(3), (f)(1)-(5) | Monitoring Requirements | Yes | |
| 63.8(a)(2) | Monitoring Requirements | No | |
| 63.8(a)(3) | Reserved | No | |
| 63.8(a)(4) | Monitoring Requirements | Yes | |
| 63.8(c)(1)(i) | General Duty to Minimize Emissions and CMS Operation | No | |
| 63.8(c)(1)(iii) | Requirement to Develop SSM Plan for CMS | No | |
| 63.8(c)(4) | Yes | Only for CEMS. CPMS requirements in subpart SS of this part are referenced from § 63.11496. Requirements for COMS do not apply because this subpart does not require COMS. | |
| 63.8(c)(5) | No | This subpart does not require COMS. | |
| 63.8(c)(6)-(c)(8), (d)(1)-(d)(2), (e), (f)(6) | Yes | Requirements apply only if you use a continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) to demonstrate compliance with the alternative standard in § 63.11496(e). Additionally, this subpart specifies how and when the performance evaluation results are reported. | |
| 63.8(d)(3) | Written Procedures for CMS | Yes | Requirement applies except for last sentence, which refers to an SSM plan. SSM plans are not required. |
| 63.8(g)(1)-(g)(4) | Yes | Data reduction requirements apply only if you use CEMS to demonstrate compliance with alternative standard in § 63.11496(e). COMS requirements do not apply. Requirement in § 63.8(g)(2) does not apply because data reduction for CEMS are specified in subpart FFFF of this part. | |
| 63.8(g)(5) | No | Data reduction requirements for CEMS are specified in § 63.2450(j)(4), as referenced from § 63.11496. CPMS requirements are specified in subpart SS of this part, as referenced from § 63.11496. | |
| 63.9(a), (b)(1), (b)(2), (b)(4), (b)(5), (c), (d), (e), (i) | Notification Requirements | Yes | |
| 63.9(b)(3), (h)(4) | Reserved | No | |
| 63.9(f) | No | This subpart does not contain opacity or VE limits. | |
| 63.9(g) | Yes | Additional notification requirement applies only if you use CEMS to demonstrate compliance with alternative standard in § 63.11496(e). | |
| 63.9(h)(1)-(h)(3), (h)(5)-(h)(6) | Yes | Except as specified in § 63.11501(b) and this subpart does not contain opacity or VE limits. | |
| 63.9(j) | Change in Information Already Provided | No | Notification of process changes that affect a compliance determination are required in § 63.11501(d)(4). |
| 63.9(k) | Electronic Submission of Notifications or Reports | Yes | As specified in §§ 63.11496(g)(1)(iv), 63.11497(f)(1)(iv), and 63.11501(b) and (d). |
| 63.10(a) | Recordkeeping Requirements | Yes | |
| 63.10(b)(1) | Yes | ||
| 63.10(b)(2)(i) | Recordkeeping of Occurrence and Duration of Startups and Shutdowns | No | See § 63.11501(c)(8) for recordkeeping of occurrence and duration of each startup and shutdown for continuous process vents that are subpart to table 3 to this subpart. |
| 63.10(b)(2)(ii) | Recordkeeping of Malfunctions | No | See § 63.11501(c)(1)(vii) and (viii) for recordkeeping requirements. |
| 63.10(b)(2)(iii) | Maintenance Records | Yes | |
| 63.10(b)(2)(iv) and (v) | Actions Taken to Minimize Emissions During SSM | No | |
| 63.10(b)(2)(vi), (x), (xi), (xiii) | Yes | Apply only if you use CEMS to demonstrate compliance with alternative standard in § 63.11496(e). | |
| 63.10(b)(2)(vii)-(b)(2)(ix), (b)(2)(xii), (b)(2)(xiv) | Yes | ||
| 63.10(b)(3) | Yes | ||
| 63.10(c)(1), (c)(5)-(c)(6), (c)(13)-(c)(14) | Yes | Apply only if you use CEMS to demonstrate compliance with alternative standard in § 63.11496(e). | |
| 63.10(c)(7)-(8) | Additional Recordkeeping Requirements for CMS—Identifying Exceedances and Excess Emissions | Yes | |
| 63.10(c)(10) | Recordkeeping Nature and Cause of Malfunctions | No | See § 63.11501(c)(1)(vii) and (viii) for recordkeeping requirements. |
| 63.10(c)(11) | Recording Corrective Actions | No | See § 63.11501(c)(1)(vii) and (viii) for recordkeeping requirements. |
| 63.10(c)(12) | Yes | ||
| 63.10(c)(15) | Use of SSM Plan | No | |
| 63.10(c)(2)-(c)(4), (c)(9) | Reserved | No | |
| 63.10(d)(1), (d)(4), (f) | Reporting Requirements | Yes | |
| 63.10(d)(2) | No | See §§ 63.11496(g)(1)(iv) and 63.11497(f)(1)(iv) for performance test reporting. | |
| 63.10(d)(3) | No | This subpart does not include opacity or VE limits. | |
| 63.10(d)(5) | SSM Reports | No | See § 63.11501(d)(1) and (8) for reporting requirements. |
| 63.10(e)(1)-(e)(2) | Yes | Apply only if you use CEMS to demonstrate compliance with alternative standard in § 63.11496(e). Additionally, this subpart specifies how and when the performance evaluation results are reported. | |
| 63.10(e)(3) | No | Except as provided in § 63.11501(d). | |
| 63.10(e)(4) | No | This subpart does not include opacity or VE limits. | |
| 63.11 | Control Device Requirements | Yes | |
| 63.12 | State Authorities and Delegations | Yes | |
| 63.13 | Addresses | Yes | |
| 63.14 | Incorporations by Reference | Yes | |
| 63.15 | Availability of Information and Confidentiality | Yes | |
| 63.16 | Performance Track Provisions | Yes |
[74 FR 56041, Oct. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 75762, Dec. 21, 2012; 91 FR 16536, Apr. 1, 2026]